NEURO Flashcards
Alzheimer’s Drugs
(4)?
- Dizziness
- Nausea: D, G + R
- Insomnia: D, G + R
- Confusion + Hallucinations: Memantine
Amantadine
Ataxia
Antipsychotics (2)
- Parkinson-like Sx
- Tardive dyskinesia
Barbiturates
Pres (4), CI?
** Induces P450 and SLOWS things down. **
- P450 drug interactions
- Dependence
- Additive CNS depression with alcohol
- CV + Resp depression (can lead to death)
CI in Porphyria.
Benzodiazepines (-lam/pam) / Nonbenzo Hypnotics (Z Drugs)
Pres (3), RX for OD?
PRES:
- ↓BP
- Severe postop resp depression
- Amnesia
- Ataxia + Confusion + Headaches (Z drugs)
RX for OD = Flumazenil (competitive antagonist at GABA benzo receptor)
Brimonidine (3)
- Blurry vision
- Sensation of foreign object in eye
- Ocular hyperemia + pruritus
Buproprion
Seizures
Carbamazepine (3)
- Blood Dyscrasias (Agranulocytosis + Aplastic Anemia)
- SIADH
- Steven-Johnson Sx
DFH (CI: 2 Types of Generalized Seizures)
- Myoclonic seizures
- Absence seizures
Clozapine
Agranulocytosis
Epilepsy Drugs (General / Common Toxicities) (7)
- Tolerance + Dependence
- Sedation
- Ataxia
- Diplopia
- Steven-Johnson Sx
- Induction of P450 + Liver Toxicity
- Teratogenicity
Ethosuximide (3)
- GI distress
- Urticaria
- Steven-Johnson Sx
Halothane
Hepatic necrosis
Lamotrigine
Steven-Johnson Sx
Latanoprost
Brown pigmentation of iris
Ketamine
Disorientation, Hallucinations + Nightmares
Levodopa (2)
- Arrhythmias (due to peripheral conversion to dopamine)
- Dyskinesia following admin (seen with long-term use) ;
Akinesia b/w doses
Lithium (2)
- Diabetes Insipidus
- Hypothyroidism (incl Myxedema)
Local Anesthetics (-caine) (4)
- CNS excitation
- Arrhythmias (Cocaine)
- Severe CV toxicity (Bupivacaine)
- Hypertension / Hypotension
Inhaled Anesthetics (-ane) (5)
- Expansion of trapped gas (NO)
- Proconvulsant (Enflurane)
- Hepatotoxicity (Halothane)
- Nephrotoxicity (Methoxyflurane)
- Malignant Hyperthermia (all EXCEPT N2O)
Opioid Analgesics
Pres (4), RX?
** Generally SLOW things down **
PRES: * Tolerance DOESN’T develop to miosis + constipation.*
- Addiction
- CNS + Resp depression (CNS depression additive w other drugs)
- Miosis: “Pinpoint Pupils”
- Constipation
RX:
- Naloxone or Naltrexone (opioid receptor antagonists)
Phenobarbital
Rash / Stevens-Johnson Sx
Phenytoin (5)
- Nystagmus
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Megaloblastic Anemia
- Rash / SLE-like Sx / Stevens-Johnson Sx
- Hirsutism
Reserpine
Parkinson-like Sx
Risperidone
Torsades de Pointes / Prolonged QT
Selegilline
- Can enhance adverse effects of L-dopa *
Sumatriptan (2)
CI (2)?
- Coronary vasospasm
- Mild tingling
CI: patients with CAD or Prinzmetal’s Angina
Topiramate (2)
- Weight LOSS
- Kidney Stones
Tramadol (3)
- Opioid toxicity s+s
- Serotonin Sx
- Proconvulsant (↓seizure threshold)
Valproic Acid (5)
- Tremor
- Weight GAIN
- GI distress
- Hepatic necrosis
- Spina Bifida in fetus
NON-DEPOLARIZING Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs (-cur-)
Reversal of Blockade with?
Anticholinesterases
Succinylcholine: DEPOLARIZING Neuromuscular Blocking Drug (2)
Reversal of Blockade (Phase II = repol but blocked) with?
- ↑K + Ca
- Malignant Hyperthermia
Anticholinesterase (eg Neostigmine)
Drugs that cause Cinchonism (2)?
- Quinidine
- Quinine (anti-malarial)
Drugs that cause Parkinson-like Sx (3)?
- Antipsychotics
- Reserpine
- Metoclopramide
Drugs that cause Red / Green Color-Blindness (2 Antibiotics)?
- Amphoctericin B
- Ethambutol
Drugs that cause Retinopathy
(2: 1 Antiprotozoan + 1 Antiviral Class)?
- Chloroquine
- Viral Release Inhibitors (Zanamivir + Oseltamivir)
Drug Class that causes Tardive Dyskinesia
Antipsychotics
Drug Class that causes Visual Disturbances?
SERMs
Drugs that cause Seizures (3: 1 Neuro + 2 Antibiotics)?
- Bupropion
- Imipenem / Cilastatin
- Isoniazid (INH)
Drugs that can cause Serotonin Sx
- Linezolid
NEUROTOXIC Drugs
Mech, General Pres (6), Drugs (7 Antibiotics)?
MECH = Lipid-soluble drugs => Cross BBB.
PRES:
- Headaches
- Dizziness / Ataxia
- Confusion / Mental Status abnormalities
- Sensory disturbances (incl vision problems)
- Speech problems
- Seizures
DRUGS:
- Carbapenems
- Fluoroquinolones
- INH
- Terbinafine
- Griseofulvin
- Amantadine
- Efavirenz
OTOTOXIC Drugs (2 Antibiotics)
- Vancomycin
- Aminoglycosides
Drugs that cause Acoustic Nerve Damage
Cis-/Carboplatin
Drugs that cause Peripheral Neuropathy
Vincristine
