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Final Year > Neuro 2 > Flashcards

Neuro 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Alteplase MOA?

A

tissue plasminogen activator
breaks down clots

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2
Q

when can you do thrombectomy?

A

occlusion of
proximal anterior circulation

proximal posterior circulation

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3
Q

when can you anticoagulate as a secondary prevention if Afib?

A

2 weeks of aspirin

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4
Q

what is carotid endartectomy?

A

Plaque removal from carotid arteries which supply the brain

surgical

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5
Q

angioplasty

A

small ballon catheter to open up narrowed area

catheter inserted through groin or arm
guided to affected carotid

balloon inflated to widen narrowed artery and improve blood flow

> after this sometimes a stent can be placed inside the artery

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6
Q

MDT for stroke patients?

A

stroke physians
nurses
Speech and language therapists

phsyio
OT
psychology

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7
Q

2^ prevention of stroke

A

clopidogrel 75mg (aspirin nd dipyridamole)

atorvastatin 20-80mg delayed start 48 hours
BP /DM control

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8
Q

what GCS score needs airway support?

A

8 /15

risk of airway obstruction
aspiration
= hypoxia
brain injury

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9
Q

E?

A

out of 4
4) open
3) noise
2)pain
1) not open

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10
Q

Verbal response

A

5
5) orientated
4)confused
3) inappropriate words
sounds
2) incomprehensible
1) none

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11
Q

motor response

A

6) obey command
5) localised to pain
4) normal flex
3) abnormal flex
2) extention
1) none

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12
Q

stroke CT
with contrast or non contrast?

A

NON CONTRAST
> highly sensitive
> hyperdense - BRIGHT on a CT scan
> FAST

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13
Q

Extradural bleeds are concave?

A

false
biconvex

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14
Q

Extradural bleeds

A

bi convex
lucid > LOC

trauma / young pt

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15
Q

subdural haemorrhage

A

duar matar and arachnoid mater

rupture of bridging veins in the outermost meningeal layer
crescent shaped and not limited by the cranial sutures

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16
Q

intracerebral haemorrhage

A

into brain tissue

hyperdense : blood is BRIGHT

17
Q

subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

bleed into subarchnoid space
CSF
rupture aneruysm

18
Q

what are the mx principles for haemorrhagic strokes?

A

admit to a specialist stroke centre

consider surgical mx

intubation / ventilation / Intensive care is reducced GCS

HTN correct
clotting abnormality correct

19
Q

surgical options
craniotomy

A

open surgery remove section of skull

20
Q

surgical option for extradural / subdural bleed?

A

burr holes: small holes drilled into skull to drain blood

21
Q

RF for subarchanoid haemorrhage?

A

45-70
women
black ethnic origin

HTN
smoking
alcohol

22
Q

what does hyper attenuation on a CT mean?

A

acute bleed
BRIGHTER / WHITER

  • increase xray absorption
  • blood clots are denser
23
Q

CT angiography in a subarachnoid bleed?

A

identifies cause of bleed

CT with iodinated contrast

IV line with contrast injection

24
Q

hydrocephalus?

A

increased CSF
= expansion of ventricles

tx?
LP
external ventricular drain
ventriculoperitoneal shunt

25
Q
A

Final Year (23 decks)

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