MSK

Question 1

Colles fracture?

Answer 1

transverse fracture of distal radius

Question 2

Scaphoid fracture?

Answer 2

outstretched hand
> tender

‘anatomical snuffbox’

Question 3

why is the scaphoid at risk of avascular necrosis?

Answer 3

retrograde blood supply

non-union

Question 4

what are the two bones of the hand

medial bone is?

Answer 4

Radial - medial bone
Ulna - lateral

Question 5

two bones of the leg (knee down)

Answer 5

fibular medial bone

Tibia lateral bone

Question 6

lateral malleulos fractures

Answer 6

weber classification

Question 7

Type A weber classification?

Answer 7

fractures of the lateral malleolus

below the ankle joint
syndesmosis intact

Question 8

pelvic ring fracture management?

Answer 8

emergency resus and trauma mx

Question 9

pathological fracture

Answer 9

prostate

renal
thyroid
breast

lung

Question 10

what is alendronic acid?

Answer 10

bisphosphonate given in osteoporosis

dose 10mg commonly

Question 11

how to take bisphosphonate?

Answer 11

empty stomach
sit upright 30 minutes before moving / eating

Question 12

antibody which blocks activity of osteoclasts?

Answer 12

denosumab

Question 13

Gurds criteria is for?

Major criteria?

Answer 13

fat embolism

> respiratory distress
petechial rash
cerebral involvement

Question 14

what are the two categories of hip fractures?

Answer 14

intra capsular

extra capsular

Question 15

how is garden classification 1,2 managed?

Answer 15

intra capsular fractures with non displacement can be fixed with internal fixation - screws

Question 16

Displaced intra capsular fractures?

Answer 16

head of femur needs ti be removed and replaced

Question 17

hemiarthroplasty vs total hip replacement?

Answer 17

replacing head but leaving behind acetabulum

better for co morbid / limited mobility pts

Question 18

Intermedullary nail?

Answer 18

metal pole inserted into greater trochanter through shaft of femur

Question 19

extracapsular fractures managed by?

Answer 19

intramedullary nail

dynamic hip screw

Question 20

two of the calve muscles?

Answer 20

gastrocnemius and soleus

which bind to calcaneus bone

Question 21

achilles tendon rupture is associated with which antibiotics?

Answer 21

fluoroquinolones

ciprofloxacin
levofloxacin

Question 22

Xray changes in osteoarthritis?

Answer 22

LOSS of joint space

Osteophytes
SUBARTICULAR sclerosis
Subchondral cysts

Question 23

signs of osteoarthritis in the hands?

Answer 23

haberdens nodes
bouchards nodes

squaring of the base of the thumb

Question 24

which appears higher (OA hand signs)

Answer 24

haberdens nodes

Question 25

Dx OA?

Answer 25

clinical if
> 45
typical pain
no morning stiffness

Question 26

1st line mx for knee OA?

Answer 26

topical nsaids

Question 27

adhesive capsulitis affecst which ligament?

Answer 27

glenohumeral joint

Question 28

adhesive capsulitis affects which movement

Answer 28

shoulder stiffness
> external rotation

Question 29

Trendelenburg test

Answer 29

stand one legged on affected leg
affected Hip stable

other hip sags

++ test result

resist internal rotation and external rotation of hip

Question 30

olecrannon bursitis

Answer 30

inflammation of bursa over elbow

olecrannon is lumpy bone part of ulna

Question 31

mx of olecrannon bursitis?

Answer 31

aspiration of fluid for microscopy and culture

> abx
flucloxacillin 1st line
clarithrymycin if pen allergy

Question 32

mx of acute compartment syndrome?

Answer 32

escalate to ortho
remove dressing
elevate
maintain BP

> emergency fasciotomy