neural tube defects Flashcards
how can neural tube defects be prevented
folic acid
-400micrograms/day, 1 month prior to conception
level of function in spina bifida patients at L3 level or lower
community abulators
-walk indoors and outdoors for most activites
-wheelchairs may be sued for longer trips
level of function in spina bifida patients at L3 or mid lumbar
household ambulators
-walk indoors and transfer to hweelchair for community use and most outdoor activity
level of function in spina bifida patients at L1-L3
nonfunctional ambulators
-walk as part of therapy session or. using orthotic device
-use wheelchair for most needs
level of function in spina bifida patients at higher than L1
nonambulators
-wheelchair for all use
define a myelomeningocele
outpouching of spinal cord and voering through defect in posterior elements of vertebral arches
d
what is likely to be affectedin myelomeningocele 2
cervical cord
brainstem
associated problems with myelomeningocele 5
mobility
sensation
bowel and bladder function
hydrocephalus
specific learning problems( some individuals only)
define hydrocephalus
excessive volume of CSF fluid in ventricualr system
-caused by imbalance between CSF production and absoprtion
symptoms of hydrocephalus 4
headache
N+V
papilloedema
coma (severe cases)
features of headache in hydrocephalus
worse in morning
when lying down
during valsalva
what produces CSF
specialised ependymal cells
where is CSF produced
in choroid plexus. of the ventircles of the brain
where is CSF absorbed
arachnoid granulations
features of hydrocephalus in children and why 1
increase in head circumference - as the skull sutures havent fused yet
-open fontanelle buldges and beocmes tense
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