fluid management in children

Question 1

neonates fluid needs

Answer 1

150ml/kg/day

Question 2

describe the 421 rule for maintenance fluids

Answer 2

4ml/kg/hr for the first 10kg, 2ml/kg/hr for the second 10kg, and 1ml/kg/hr after that, with a maximum of 100ml/hr maintenance

Question 3

requiements for NA, Cl and K

Answer 3

Na+ 2-4 mmol/kg/day
Cl- 2-4 mmol/kg/day
K+ 1-2 mmol/kg/day

Question 4

most common fluid used in paediatrics

Answer 4

0.45% salike/5% dex

(75mmol Na+/L)

Question 5

fluid bolouses for children
-fluid resus used

Answer 5

give 10mls/kg of 0.9% saline

then reassess- look at HR,CRT and urine output

Question 6

in a fluid resus of a child what should be done if they have received more than 40ml/kg 2

Answer 6

In a trauma setting it must be considered that the patient may be bleeding and
a surgeon should be contacted immediately

If septic/shocked with no obvious blood loss, contact ITU urgently