Nervous Tissue Flashcards
derived from neural ectoderm
nervous tissue
tissue composed of what?
neurons (nerve cell) and gliocytes (supporting cells)
amorphous ground substance - minimal. fibers: mainly very fine collagen.
intercellular substance
major component of nervous tissue and classified as neuron and gliocyte.
cells
produced by ependymal cells of the choroid plexus.
cerebrospinal fluid
is a mass of villi that originate from the tela choroidea and form a fuzzy tuft of epithelium that extends into the brain vesicles.
choroid plexus
cell membrane in nervous tissue is called?
neurolemma
cytoplasm in nervous system is?
neuroplasm
are highly secretory and they have lots of RER.
neurons
is visible as a clump of basophilic materials in the perikaryon except in the axon hillock and axon.
chromophilic substance
that transmits impulses
axon
that receives impulses
dendrite
the junction where a neuron communicates with another neuron or an effector cell is called?
synapse
the terminal part of the axon releases a chemical called?
neurotransmitter
single long process that arise from the bulging portion of the cell body
axon hillock
wraps spirally around it several time to form the lipid-rich.
myelin sheath
starts at the point where the axon emerges from the axon hillock
myelination
myelin sheath is discontinuous at intervals called?
myelin node
bulb like junction between two adjacent neurolemmal cells
myelin node
is the cytoplasmic region of myelin between the internode and the node of ranvier.
paranode
it is the small circular profiles in the axoplasm
neutotubules
are numerous in the axon, providing the power to run the sodium potassium pump that keeps transmembrane potential at normal levels.
mitochondria
based on the number of cell processes
✓ unipolar neuron
✓ pseudounipolar neuron
✓ bipolar neuron
✓ multipolar neuron
based on function of neuron
- transmission or conducting neurons
- secretory neurons
has only one process, the one axon. present only in the developing nervous system.
unipolar neuron
cell of the cranial and spinal ganglia. has two processes one axon and one dendrite that fuse close to the cell body but separate at some distance from it.
pseudounipolar neuron
synapses with sensory receptor or soma from another ganglion; brings signals to the soma in the cranianiospinal ganglion
afferent process
arises from the craniospinal and extends to the dorsal horn of the gray matter of the spinal cord where it synapses with an interconnector neuron; carries the signal from the soma to the interconnector neuron
efferent process
has two processes one axon and one dendrite that originate at opposite poles of the soma.
bipolar neuron
has many processes that arise from an oval, pyramidal or stellate soma. occurs in motor nuclei in the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord.
multipolar neuron
multipolar neurons that comprise the majority of neurons in the body.
transmission or conducting neurons
multipolar neurons specialized to secrete hormones
secretory neurons
derived from the ectoderm of the neural tube except for the microgliocytes
gliocytes of the CNS
the most numerous gliocytes in the CNS, even more than neurons.
astrocytes or spider cells.
termed “star cells” because of their stellate shape with numerous foot processes and a large, pale ovoid nucleus.
astrocytes or spider cells
have a long, thin, sparsely branched processes. located in the white matter
fibrous astrocytes
have numerous short, thick, highly branched processes. located in the gray matter.
protoplasmic astrocytes
