Nervous Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Two types of nervous system?

A

CNS- brain and spinal cord

PNS- Everything else

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2
Q

CNS Structure

A

White Matter- Myelinated area

Grey Matter- Cell Bodies (Unmyelinated parts)

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3
Q

Nuclei
Ganglia
Tracts

A

N- Collection of nerve cells inside CNS
G- Collection of nerves outside CNS
T- Direction of axon cables/wiring in CNS

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4
Q

Where does the CNS stop in the spine?

A

L2 vertebrae

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5
Q

Concus Medularis

A

Where the grey matter ends

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6
Q

Cauda Equina

A

Where rest of spine full of chords going down (Looks like horse tail)

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7
Q

Filum Terminale

A

End of meninges by coccyx

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8
Q

Where does the spinal cord exit the skull?

A

Foramen Magnum

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9
Q

Vertebral Foramen

Intervertebral Foramen

A

V- Where spinal cord runs

I- Allows PNS to run out

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10
Q

What is the Duramater?

A

Superficial part of meninges, attaches the cord to bone

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11
Q

Where are Epidural shots given?

A

Placed on top of duramater

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12
Q

What is the Arachnoid?

A

Middle part of meninges, Where the CSF is located, Where spinal taps are taken from

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13
Q

What is the function of CSF?

A

Protect and nourish the spinal cord, impact protection

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14
Q

What is Pia Mater?

A

Adheres cord to arachnoid, has denticulate ligaments to allow for wiggling within arachnoid

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15
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12, first is olfactory. Second is sight

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16
Q

How many nerves per vertebrae section?

A

C8, T12,L5, S5, C1

17
Q

What are Dermatomes?

A

The patterns nerves follow across body.

18
Q

What is a group of nerves coming out of cord together called?

A

Nerve Plexus

19
Q

Afferent vs Efferent

A

A- Brings signal in

E- Sends message

20
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

in CNS, can myelinate many cells

21
Q

Neurolemmocytes (Schwann cells)

A

Wrap axon with cell membrane

22
Q

What cells maintain extracellular environment in nervous system?

A

Astrocytes (CNS)

Satellite (PNS)

23
Q

Microglia cells

A

Immune “privileged”

Works as immune due to normal immune system not in CNS

24
Q

What cells make CSF?

Where does the CSF stay?

A

Ependymal cells

In the ventricles

25
Endoneurium
Around each axon
26
Perineurium
Around bundles
27
Epineurium
Around whole nerve cable
28
Multiple Sclerosis
Demyelination of axons | Targets Schwann Cells and Oligodendrocytes
29
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Luegaricks disease) ALS
Motor neurons start to die off, people die by flaccid paralysis. Can't breath.
30
Motor neurons- visceral- autonomic
2 neuron system Sympathetic system: neurons only found in thoracolumbar region of vertebrae T1-L1 Parasympathetic: Live in the brain and sacral areas
31
Where in body are both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation found?
Every visceral part of body except adrenal glands and some sweat glands. Smooth muscle of vessels only have sympathetic.