Nervous Tissue

Question 1

Two types of nervous system?

Answer 1

CNS- brain and spinal cord

PNS- Everything else

Question 2

CNS Structure

Answer 2

White Matter- Myelinated area

Grey Matter- Cell Bodies (Unmyelinated parts)

Question 3

Nuclei
Ganglia
Tracts

Answer 3

N- Collection of nerve cells inside CNS
G- Collection of nerves outside CNS
T- Direction of axon cables/wiring in CNS

Question 4

Where does the CNS stop in the spine?

Answer 4

L2 vertebrae

Question 5

Concus Medularis

Answer 5

Where the grey matter ends

Question 6

Cauda Equina

Answer 6

Where rest of spine full of chords going down (Looks like horse tail)

Question 7

Filum Terminale

Answer 7

End of meninges by coccyx

Question 8

Where does the spinal cord exit the skull?

Answer 8

Foramen Magnum

Question 9

Vertebral Foramen

Intervertebral Foramen

Answer 9

V- Where spinal cord runs

I- Allows PNS to run out

Question 10

What is the Duramater?

Answer 10

Superficial part of meninges, attaches the cord to bone

Question 11

Where are Epidural shots given?

Answer 11

Placed on top of duramater

Question 12

What is the Arachnoid?

Answer 12

Middle part of meninges, Where the CSF is located, Where spinal taps are taken from

Question 13

What is the function of CSF?

Answer 13

Protect and nourish the spinal cord, impact protection

Question 14

What is Pia Mater?

Answer 14

Adheres cord to arachnoid, has denticulate ligaments to allow for wiggling within arachnoid

Question 15

How many cranial nerves are there?

Answer 15

12, first is olfactory. Second is sight

Question 16

How many nerves per vertebrae section?

Answer 16

C8, T12,L5, S5, C1

Question 17

What are Dermatomes?

Answer 17

The patterns nerves follow across body.

Question 18

What is a group of nerves coming out of cord together called?

Answer 18

Nerve Plexus

Question 19

Afferent vs Efferent

Answer 19

A- Brings signal in

E- Sends message

Question 20

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 20

in CNS, can myelinate many cells

Question 21

Neurolemmocytes (Schwann cells)

Answer 21

Wrap axon with cell membrane

Question 22

What cells maintain extracellular environment in nervous system?

Answer 22

Astrocytes (CNS)

Satellite (PNS)

Question 23

Microglia cells

Answer 23

Immune “privileged”

Works as immune due to normal immune system not in CNS

Question 24

What cells make CSF?

Where does the CSF stay?

Answer 24

Ependymal cells

In the ventricles

Question 25

Endoneurium

Answer 25

Around each axon

Question 26

Perineurium

Answer 26

Around bundles

Question 27

Epineurium

Answer 27

Around whole nerve cable

Question 28

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 28

Demyelination of axons

Targets Schwann Cells and Oligodendrocytes

Question 29

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Luegaricks disease) ALS

Answer 29

Motor neurons start to die off, people die by flaccid paralysis. Can’t breath.

Question 30

Motor neurons- visceral- autonomic

Answer 30

2 neuron system

Sympathetic system: neurons only found in thoracolumbar region of vertebrae T1-L1

Parasympathetic: Live in the brain and sacral areas

Question 31

Where in body are both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation found?

Answer 31

Every visceral part of body except adrenal glands and some sweat glands. Smooth muscle of vessels only have sympathetic.