Digestive System Flashcards
What is the longest part of the digestive system?
Small intestine
What are the three parts of the small intestine?
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
What are the functions of the duodenum?
Neutralize stomach acid
Fats get emulsified by bile
Pancreatic enzymes do chemical digestion
What part of the small intestine does the majority of the digestion?
Jejunum
What is the biggest part of the small intestine?
Ileum
What are the three types of internal folds or projections found in the small intestine?
Ciruclar folds - increases SA 2-3x
Villi - increases SA 10x
Microvilli - increases SA 20x
Where are circular fold found and explain them.
Found through the duodenum –> middle ileum
Folds in the walls
What are villi and what are their function/
Finger-like projections that absorb.
Made of enterocytes
Where are microvilli found?
They make up the edges of the villi to increase the SA and continue absorption
What types of cells are used for absorption?
Enterocytes
What types of cells secrete mucus?
Goblet cells
What is the function of the large intestine?
Water and salt absorption
What part is responsible for plant digestion?
Cecum
What are the six parts of the colon?
Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum, and anal cavity
What are the functions of the liver?
Carb, lipid, protein metabolism Plasma protein synthesis Vitamin and mineral metabolism Disposal of drugs, toxins, and hormones Production and secretion of bile which contributes to digestion
