nervous system 2

Question 1

the cervical enlargement

Answer 1

supplies nerves to the pectoral girdle and upper limbs

Question 2

the lumbar enlargement

Answer 2

provides innervation to structures of the pelvis and lower limbs

Question 3

how many segments is the spinal cord divided into?

Answer 3

31

Question 4

every spinal segment is associated with a pair of ____ that contain the cell bodies of sensory information

Answer 4

dorsal root ganglia

Question 5

a dorsal root contains

Answer 5

the axons of the sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia

Question 6

ventral root

Answer 6

leaves the spinal cord

Question 7

the ventral root contains

Answer 7

the axons of both somatic and visceral motor neurons that control peripheral effectors

Question 8

spinal nerve

Answer 8

distal to each dorsal root ganglion, formed by sensory and motor fibers

Question 9

spinal nerves AKA

Answer 9

mixed nerves because they contain both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) fibers

Question 10

the spinal cord continues to enlarge and elongate until an individual is how old?

Answer 10

approximately 4 years old

Question 11

spinal meninges are

Answer 11

collevtions of specialized membranes that provide protection, physical stability, and shock absorption to the spinal cord

Question 12

what are the three meningeal layers?

Answer 12

the dura mater, the arachnoid matter and the pia matter

Question 13

the dura mater is

Answer 13

tough, fibrous, outermost covering of the spinal cord and brain

Question 14

arachnoid mater is

Answer 14

the middle layer

Question 15

the space the seperates the dura mater for the deeper meningeal layers is called the

Answer 15

subdural space

Question 16

the arachnoid mater is seperated from the pia mater by the

Answer 16

subarachnoid space

Question 17

the subarachnoid space contains what?

Answer 17

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 18

CSF

Answer 18

acts as a shock absorber as well as a diffusion medium for dissolved gases, nutrients, chemical messengers and waste products

Question 19

the pia mater

Answer 19

innermost meningeal layer

Question 20

the projection of gray matter toward the outer surface of the spinal cord are called

Answer 20

horns

Question 21

white matter contains what?

Answer 21

large numbers of myelinated and unmyelinated axons organized in tracts and columns

Question 22

sensory nuclei

Answer 22

receive and relay sensory info for peripheral receptors

Question 23

motor nuclei

Answer 23

issue motor commands to peripheral effectors

Question 24

posterior gray horns contain

Answer 24

somatic and visceral sensory nuclei

Question 25

anterior gray horns contain

Answer 25

neurons concerned with somatic motor control

Question 26

lateral gray horns are found

Answer 26

between segments and contain visceral motor neurons

Question 27

the white matter can be divided into what 2 columns?

Answer 27

ascending tracts and descending tracts

Question 28

ascending tracts

Answer 28

carry sensory information toward the brain

Question 29

descending tracts

Answer 29

convey motor commands into spinal cord

Question 30

each pair of spinal nerves monitors a specific region of the body surface, this area is called

Answer 30

a dermatome

Question 31

an interwoven network of nerves is called a

Answer 31

nerve plexus

Question 32

where do nerve plexuses exist?

Answer 32

where ventral rami are converging and branching to form these compound nerves

Question 33

the 4 major nerve plexuses are the

Answer 33

cervical plexus, brachial plexus, lumbar plexus, sacral plexus

Question 34

cervical plexus

Answer 34

innervate the muscles of the neck and extend into the thoracic cavity to control the diaphragm

Question 35

the phrenic nerve is

Answer 35

the major nerve of this plexus, provides the entire nerve supply to the diaphragm

Question 36

the brachial plexus

Answer 36

larger and more complex than the cervical. innervates the pectoral girdle and upper limb

Question 37

what does the lateral cord form?

Answer 37

the musculocutaneous nerve

Question 38

the lateral cord and then medial cord form?

Answer 38

the median nerve

Question 39

the ulnar nerve is

Answer 39

the other major nerve of the medial cord

Question 40

the posterior cord forms

Answer 40

the axillary nerve and the radial nerve