chapter 25 digestive system Flashcards
what are the seven functions of the digestive system?
ingestion, mechanical processing, digestion, secretion, absorption, excretion, compaction
parotid salivary glands are
the largest glands
the sublingual salivary glands are
covered by the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth
the submandibular salivary glands are
found in the floor of the mouth along the medial surfaces of the mandible inferior to the mylohyoid line
what are the four types of teeth?
incisors, cuspids, bicuspids, molars
incisors
blade shaped found in the front of the mouth
cuspids
canines
bicuspids
premolars
molars
have very large flattened crowns with prominent edges
what is the esophagus?
hollow muscular tube that transports foods and liquids to the stomach
what are the three anatomical divisions of the small intestine?
duodenum, jejunum, illeum
what is the duodenum?
shortest and widest segment, the mixing bowl
what is the jejunum?
bulk of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs here
what is the illeum?
the longest part, controls the flow of material from the ileum into the cecum of the large intestine
what are the three parts of the large intestine?
the cecum, colon, rectum
what are the major functions of the large intestines?
reabsorption of the water and electrolytes, absorption of important vitamins produced by bacterial action, storing of fecal material before defecation
what is the haustra?
pouches on the wall of the colon that permit considerable distension and elongation
what is the rectum?
expandable organ for the temporary storage of fecal material
the liver represents the what?
the central clearing house
what does the liver control?
metabolic regulation, hematological regulation, synthesis and secretion of bile
what do the right and left hepatic ducts do?
collect bile from all of the bile ducts of the liver lobes
the right and left hepatic ducts unite together and form what?
common hepatic duct
what is the gallbladder?
muscular sac that stores and concentrates bile before its excretion in the small intestine
what are the two major functions of the gall bladder?
bile storage and bile modification
what is the pancreas?
an exocrine organ producing digestive enzymes and buffers
