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MSK > Nerve Palsies > Flashcards

Nerve Palsies Flashcards

1
Q

Brachial nerve palsies

A

Erb’s palsy,
Klumpke’s Palsy,
Total Brachial Plexus

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2
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by compression of which nerve?

A

Median nerve

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3
Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome is caused by compression of which nerve?

A

Ulnar nerve

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4
Q

Which nerve roots are involved in Erb’s palsy?

A

C5, C6

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5
Q

Which nerve roots are involved in Klumpke’s palsy?

A

C8, T1

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6
Q

Which nerve roots are involved in total brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1

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7
Q

Presentation of Erb’s palsy?

A

Shoulder adducted and internally rotated,
Elbow extended and pronated,
Wrist flexed

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8
Q

Klumpke’s palsy presentation?

A

Claw hand

As affects small muscles of hand

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9
Q

Nerve roots of the musculocutaneous nerve?

A

C5, 6, 7

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10
Q

What cord is the musculocutaneous nerve formed from?

A

Lateral cord

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11
Q

How does the musculocutaneous nerve terminate?

A

Terminates as the lateral cutaneous nerve to the forearm

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12
Q

What is Hilton’s law?

A

A sensory nerve supplying a joint also supplies the muscle moving the joint and the skin overlying

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13
Q

Nerve roots forming the axillary nerve?

A

C5, C6

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14
Q

What cord forms the axillary nerve?

A

Posterior cord

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15
Q

What bone does the axillary nerve wrap around?

A

The neck of the humerus

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16
Q

What does the axillary nerve supply?

A

Deltoid,
Teres minor,
Skin of the regimental badge area

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17
Q

Common causes of axillary nerve palsy?

A

Shoulder dislocation,

Fracture surgical neck of humerus

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18
Q

Nerve roots that form the radial nerve?

A

C5, 6, 7, 8, T1

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19
Q

What cord forms the radial nerve?

A

Posterior cord

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20
Q

What groove does the radial nerve run through on the humerus?

A

Radial groove

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21
Q

What does the radial nerve supply?

A

Triceps,
Brachioradialis,
ECRB,
ECRB

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22
Q

What is the presentation of radial nerve palsy dependent on?

A

Site of lesion

23
Q

Radial nerve palsy presentation in axilla?

A

Loss of elbow extension,
Loss of wrist extension,
Sensory changes in forearm and hand

24
Q

Radial nerve palsy presentation in arm?

A

Loss of wrist extension,

Sensory loss

25
Q

Radial nerve palsy presentation in forearm?

A

Loss of finger extension

26
Q

Radial nerve palsy presentation at wrist

A

Loss of sensation eg feels like handcuffs

27
Q

Main characteristic presention of radial nerve palsy?

A

Wrist drop

28
Q

Roots that make up median nerve?

A

C5, 6, 7, 8, T1

29
Q

Cords that make up the median nerve?

A

Medial and lateral cord

30
Q

What does the median nerve innervate?

A

Flexors of forearm,
LOAF muscles,
Sensation of radial 3.5 digits

31
Q

What makes up the floor of the carpal tunnel?

A

Carpal bones

32
Q

What makes up the roof of the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor retinaculum

33
Q

Contents of carpal tunnel?

A

FDS tendons x4,
FDP tendons x4,
FPL tendon,
Median nerve

34
Q

Causes of carpal tunnel syndrome groups?

A 
Developmental, 
Trauma, 
Swellings, 
Inflammatory, 
Metabolic
35
Q

Trauma causes of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Distal radius fracture

36
Q

Swelling causes of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Ganglion,
Fibroma,
Lipoma

37
Q

Inflammatory causes of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Rheumatoid,
Gout,
TB,
Amyloid

38
Q

Metabolic causes of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Pregnancy,
Mucopolysaccharidoses,
Hypothyroidism

39
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome presentation?

A

Nocturnal pain and parasthesia over median nerve distribution,
Wasting of the thenar muscles

40
Q

Special tests for carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Tinnels,

Phalens

41
Q

Ulnar nerve is made up of what nerve roots?

42
Q

Cubital tunnel syndrome presentation?

A

Numbness on ulnar side of hand,
difficulty with fine tasks,
Hypothenar muscle wasting,
Ulnar claw hand

43
Q

What is ulnar claw hand

A

Hyperextension at MCPJ,

Flexion at IPJs

44
Q

Is ulnar claw hand worse with a distal or proximal lesion?

A

Distal,

Due to intact long flexors with distal lesion

45
Q

What is Froment’s test?

A

Patient and Dr hold paper and both have to pull away,

If ulnar nerve isn’t working, patient will cheat and use flexor pollicis longus instead of adductor pollicis

46
Q

What bone does the common peroneal nerve wrap around?

A

The neck of the fibula

47
Q

What does the deep femoral nerve supply?

A

Anterior compartment of leg

48
Q

What does the superficial peroneal nerve supply?

A

Lateral compartment

49
Q

Presentation of common peroneal nerve palsy?

50
Q

What nerve supplies muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

51
Q

Which nerve supplies the anterior compartment muscles of the thigh

A

Obturator nerve

52
Q

Which nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Sciatic nerve

53
Q

What causes meralgia parasthetica?

A

Compression of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

54
Q

What is the presentation of meralgia parasthetica?

A

Altered sensation and pain of lateral thigh

MSK (40 decks)

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