Anatomy Of Lower Leg, Ankle, Foot Clinical Correlation

Question 1

Common accessory bones of the foot?

Answer 1

Os trigonom,
Accessory navicular,
Os Peroneum

Question 2

What is a tarsal coalition

Answer 2

A`bnormal connection that develops between two bones in the back of the foot

Question 3

Where are tarsal coalitions common?

Answer 3

Talocalcaneal,

Calcaneonavicular

Question 4

Common risk factor of ankle arthritis

Answer 4

Common post trauma

Question 5

DD of ankle arthritis if there is no known trauma and under 50

Answer 5

Haemochromatosis

Question 6

What is the Achilles’ tendon formed from?

Answer 6

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Question 7

Examination of the Achilles test?

Answer 7

Silvferskiold test,
Lungs test,
Thompson’s or simmonds,
Matle’s

Question 8

What is a cavovarus foot?

Answer 8

Cavus (high arch) and varus (turned inwards) of the foot

Question 9

Signs of cavovarus foot

Answer 9

Peek-a-boo heel sign,
Adduction of forefoot,
Clawing of toes,
Plantar flexion of MTs,

Question 10

Causes of cavovarus foot?

Answer 10

Neurological,
Congenital (club foot, idiopathic familial),
Post-traumatic

Question 11

Pathogeneis of deformity of cavovarus foot

Answer 11

Clawing of toes- weakness of intrinsic muscles,
Plantarflexion of MTs- ovreaction of peroneus longus,
Hindfoot varus- weakness of peroneus brevis,
Equinus-weakness of tibialis anterior
Adduction of forefoot- overspill of tibialis posterior

Question 12

Clinical manifestations of cavovarus foot

Answer 12

Plantar callosities, 
Shoes problems, 
Ankle instability, 
Altered gait, 
Stress fractures of lateral metatarsals

Question 13

What is the Coleman Block test

Answer 13

Differentiates between forefoot driven hindfoot and hindfoot driven varus.