Nephrotic Syndrome: Causes

Question 1

Describe the differences between nephrotic and nephritic in how they present and what causes them?

Answer 1

Question 2

What are the causes of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 2

• Primary glomerulonephritis (80%)
• Systemic disease (20%) - Diabetes, SLE, Amyloidosis
• Drugs: Gold, Penicillamine
• Infections: Bacterial endocarditis, Hepatitis B, Malaria
• Cancer: Carcinonoma, Lymphoma, Leukaemia, Myeloma

Question 3

Primary glomerulonephritis accounts for how many cases of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 3

80%

Question 4

What are the main conditions that are involved in primary glomerulonephritis?

Answer 4

• Minimal change glomerulonephritis (causes 80% in children, 30% in adults)
• Membranous glomerulonephritis
• Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
• Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis