Developmental Dysplasia of the Hips Flashcards
1
Q
What percentage of newborns have DDH?
A
1-3%
2
Q
What are the risk factors for DDH?
A
- Female sex: 6 times greater risk
- Breech presentation
- Positive family history
- Firstborn children
- Oligohydramnios
- Birth weight > 5 kg
- Congenital talipes calcaneovalgus foot deformity
3
Q
What hip is it more common in, the left or right?
A
The left hip
4
Q
How many cases are bilateral?
A
20%
5
Q
What investigation is done to confirm the diagnosis?
A
USS
6
Q
What clinical examinations can you do and describe what they are doing?
A
- Barlow test: attempts to dislocate an articulated femoral head
- Ortolani test: attempts to relocate a dislocated femoral head
7
Q
How do you manage DDH?
A
- Most unstable hips will spontaneously stabilise by 3-6 weeks of age
- Pavlik harness (flexion-abduction orthosis) in children younger than 4-5 months
- Older children may require surgery
