Nephrotic Syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

What does FSGS stand for?

A

glomerular syndrome

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2
Q

What is S-UPAR important for?

A

it’s an elevated protein in FSGS

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3
Q

What is APOL1? What disease is it associated with?

A

a lipoprotein that only is present in African Americans- its mutated form is protective for sleeping sickness, but it increases the risk of FSGS and nephrotic syndrome

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4
Q

What is HIV nephropathy?

A

a nephrotic syndrome due to collapsing focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis

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5
Q

How is HIV nephropathy treated?

A

anti-retroviral agents

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6
Q

How common is HIV nephropathy? Who is it more common in?

A

5-10% of all AIDS patients; 80% African American

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7
Q

What are the histologic findings of HIV nephropathy?

A
focal sclerosis
tubular dilation (microcysts)
reticular-endothelial inclusions
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8
Q

What is membranous nephropathy?

A

an immune complex disease from autoantibodies against phospholipase A2, which causes thickened basement membranes with subepithelial deposits and damage to the podocytes

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9
Q

Secondary membranous nephropathy is associated with?

A

Hepatitis B
drugs (gold, mercury)
SLE
cancer (lung, breast, GI tract)

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10
Q

What is the tx for secondary membranous nephropathy?

A

immunosuppression

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