Nephrotic Syndrome Flashcards
What does FSGS stand for?
glomerular syndrome
What is S-UPAR important for?
it’s an elevated protein in FSGS
What is APOL1? What disease is it associated with?
a lipoprotein that only is present in African Americans- its mutated form is protective for sleeping sickness, but it increases the risk of FSGS and nephrotic syndrome
What is HIV nephropathy?
a nephrotic syndrome due to collapsing focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis
How is HIV nephropathy treated?
anti-retroviral agents
How common is HIV nephropathy? Who is it more common in?
5-10% of all AIDS patients; 80% African American
What are the histologic findings of HIV nephropathy?
focal sclerosis tubular dilation (microcysts) reticular-endothelial inclusions
What is membranous nephropathy?
an immune complex disease from autoantibodies against phospholipase A2, which causes thickened basement membranes with subepithelial deposits and damage to the podocytes
Secondary membranous nephropathy is associated with?
Hepatitis B
drugs (gold, mercury)
SLE
cancer (lung, breast, GI tract)
What is the tx for secondary membranous nephropathy?
immunosuppression