Histology of the Kidney Flashcards

1
Q

Between the endothelial cell of the glomerular capillary and the podocytes is a crucial _____ called the filtration barrier.

A

basal lamina

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2
Q

Where are principal cells found?

A

in the collecting duct

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3
Q

Where are the renal tubules?

A

extend from the cortex down into the medulla

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3
Q

Where does aldosterone act upon in the nephron?

A
  • the DCT
  • the collecting duct
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4
Q

The ______ arteries run between the medullary pyramids.

A

interlobar

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5
Q

Cells in the thin Loops of Henle are what type?

A

simple squamous epithelium

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5
Q

Cells of the thick ascending Loop of Henle are what type?

A

cuboidal epi

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6
Q

What kinds of cells comprise the DCT?

A

cuboidal epi

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6
Q

Where does ADH act upon in the nephron?

A
  • the DCT
  • the collecting duct
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8
Q

The efferent arterioles form a capillary plexus that initially surrounds tubules of the nephron within the cortex and can enter the medulla as a capillary plexus called the ______.

A

vasa recta

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9
Q

Cells in the ______ are simple squamous epithelium.

A

thin Loops of Henle

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10
Q

What kind of cells are found in the collecting duct?

A
  • principal (clear) cells
  • intercalated cells (cuboidal and columnar)
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10
Q

The bladder is unique in that it contains ____ cells.

A

transitional epi

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11
Q

What are the 2 main functions of the nephron?

A
  • blood filtration
  • selective reabsorption
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12
Q

The arcuate arteries of the kidney branch into the ____ arteries.

A

interlobular

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13
Q

Where is the macula densa located?

A

the DCT

14
Q

What is absorbed in the PCT?

A
  • sodium
  • glucose
  • amino acids
15
Q

The proximal convoluted tubule is specialized in having a ______ epithelium with an extensive brush border of tall microvilli on the luminal side.

A

cuboidal

16
Q

What do the mesangial cells secrete?

A

the matrix continuous with the basal lamina

18
Q

In the interior of the glomerular capillary bed is the ______ containing made up of ______ cells.

A

mesangium (x2)

19
Q

Where are the renal corpuscles located?

A

in the renal cortex

21
Q

This part of the nephron is specialized in having a cuboidal epithelium with an extensive brush border of tall microvilli on the luminal side.

A

proximal convoluted tubule

22
Q

The interlobar arteries run between the ______.

A

medullary pyramids

22
Q

What are kidney interstitial cells?

A

other cells found outside of the tubules in the medulla and cortex

23
Q

The proximal convoluted tubule is specialized in having a cuboidal epithelium with an extensive brush border of tall ______ on the ______ side.

A

microvilli…. luminal

24
Q

On the outside of the glomerular capillaries is a special layer of cells called _____.

A

podocytes

25
Q

Between the endothelial cell of the glomerular capillary and the podocytes is a crucial basal lamina called the ______.

A

filtration barrier

27
Q

Near the medullary-cortical junction the interlobar arteries branch into _____ arteries that run roughly parallel to the outer capsule.

A

arcuate

29
Q

What is the macula densa?

A

a group of modified smooth muscle cells that monitor Cl- concentrations

30
Q

Cells of the ______ are cuboidal and active transporters of sodium.

A

thick ascending Loop of Henle

31
Q

What comprises Bowman’s capsule?

A

epithelium

32
Q

The interlobular arteries of the kidney become the _____ arteries.

A

afferent