Neighborhoods

Question 1

Why are neighborhoods important for the wellbeing of residents?

Answer 1

Because they:

• are the everyday living environment
• are where people (should) feel at home
• provide amenities
• create social cohesion
• can shape collective action

Question 2

Name two alternative notions in which neighborhoods can be important:

Answer 2

• in the response to climate change

- for improving the health and wellbeing of residents

Question 3

Why can the importance of neighborhoods differ?

Answer 3

The degree and the way in which neighborhoods are important can vay per person or group: children attach different needs and importance to the neighborhood than elderly

Question 4

From which two angles can neighborhoods be explained?

Answer 4

• geographical angle -> describing the physical

- socio-spatial angle -> describing the relational

Question 5

Name the four neighborhood effects:

Answer 5

• social-cultural mechanisms (norms, social control, role models, etc.)
• environmental mechanisms (exposure to violence, pollution, etc.)
• geographical mechanisms (mismatch between functions needed and what neighborhood provides, ex. loss of job)
• institutional mechanisms (stigmatization ex. perceived bad neighborhood; investments into neighborhood quality)

Question 6

Name two other factors that may affect the patterns in the neighborhood:

Answer 6

• Larger societal structures

- Individual capabilities

Question 7

Explain gentrification:

Answer 7

Opposite of the Hoyt model: low income group neighborhood (often inner city areas) transforms to middle-class residential and/or commercial use area.

Question 8

Give examples of physical neighborhood policies:

Answer 8

• Refurbishing of housing

- Replacement of housing

Question 9

Give examples of social neighborhood policies:

Answer 9

• place-making

- community building