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Clinical Morphology > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

2 fascias of neck

A

superficial and deep cervical fascia

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2
Q

location of superficial fascia

A

between skin and deep cervical fascia

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3
Q

contents of superficial fascia

A

superficial veins (including external jugulars), lymph nodes, adipose tissue, platysma muscle

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4
Q

layers of deep cervical fascia

A

investing layer, prevertebral layer, pretracheal layer, carotid sheaths

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5
Q

investing layer

A

surrounds all structures in the neck

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6
Q

contents of prevertebral layer

A

vertebral column, deep muscles of neck

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7
Q

contents of pretracheal layer

A

viscera of neck (pharynx, esophagus, thyroid gland, trachea)

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8
Q

posterior part of pretracheal layer aka

A

buccopharyngeal fascia

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9
Q

contents carotid sheaths

A

neurovascular bundles (common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve)

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10
Q

location of pretracheal space

A

between investing layer and pretracheal layer

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11
Q

location of retropharyngeal space

A

between buccopharyngeal layer and prevertebral layer

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12
Q

location of third space

A

within anterior prevertebral fascia covering vertebral bodies

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13
Q

boundaries of anterior triangle

A

anterior border of sternocleidomastoid, inferior mandible, midline of neck

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14
Q

boundaries of posterior triangle

A

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid, anterior border of trapezius, clavicle

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15
Q

function of suprahyoid muscles

A

raise the hyoid bone toward mandible during swallowing

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16
Q

innervation of suprahyoid muscles

A

facial or trigeminal nerve

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17
Q

function of infrahyoid muscles

A

depress hyoid bone and larynx during swallowing and vocalization

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18
Q

innervation of infrahyoid muscles

A

ansa cervicalis

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19
Q

location of scalene muscles

A

in posterior triangle

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20
Q

function of scalene muscles

A

accessory muscles of respiration, neck flexion

21
Q

innervation of scalene muscles

A

branches of cervical spinal nerves

22
Q

what passes between anterior and middle scalene muscles

A

brachial plexus and subclavian artery

23
Q

location of thyroid gland

A

visceral compartment of neck inferior to thyroid cartilage, isthmus crosses anterior surfaces of second and third tracheal cartilages

24
Q

components of thyroid gland

A

two lobes and an isthmus

25
Q

thyroid gland is surrounded by

A

pretracheal fascia

26
Q

blood supply to thyroid gland

A

superior thyroid artery, inferior thyroid artery

27
Q

venous drainage from thyroid gland

A

internal jugular or brachiocephalic

28
Q

first branch of external carotid artery

A

superior thyroid artery

29
Q

inferior thyroid artery location

A

branch of thyrocervical trunk off the subclavian artery

30
Q

thyroid gland is closely associated with

A

recurrent laryngeal nerves

31
Q

course of recurrent laryngeal nerves near thyroid gland

A

pass deep to the lateral lobes of thyroid and enter larynx

32
Q

parathyroid glands location

A

deep surface of lateral lobes of thyroid gland

33
Q

parathyroid glands function

A

produce parathyroid hormone to regulate calcium levels

34
Q

where does the common carotid artery split

A

the level of the thyroid cartilage

35
Q

course of internal carotid artery

A

does not give off any branches and enters skull to supply brain

36
Q

branches of external carotid

A

superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, occipital, posterior auricular, maxillary

37
Q

terminal branch of external carotid

A

superficial temporal

38
Q

cervical plexus is formed from

A

anterior rami of C1-C4 spinal nerves

39
Q

location of cervical plexus

A

posterior triangle

40
Q

function of cervical plexus

A

supplies motor and sensory innervation to structures in neck and trunk

41
Q

two important motor branches of cervical plexus

A

phrenic nerve, ansa cervicalis

42
Q

phrenic nerve origin

43
Q

ansa cervicalis origin

44
Q

ansa cervicalis function

A

motor innervation to infrahyoid muscles

45
Q

sensory innervation of cervical plexus

A

skin of neck, upper thorax, scalp, ear

46
Q

where do sensory nerves of cervical plexus enter the skin

A

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle (Erb’s point)

47
Q

site of cervical nerve block

A

Erb’s point

48
Q

major sensory branches of cervical plexus

A

lesser occipital, greater auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular

Clinical Morphology (18 decks)

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