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Clinical Morphology > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

which nerves exit cerebrum

A

olfactory and optic

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2
Q

where do the cranial nerves that don’t exit the cerebrum exit from?

A

brainstem

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3
Q

3 divisions of trigeminal nerve

A

ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular

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4
Q

CNI

A

Olfactory

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5
Q

CNII

A

Optic

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6
Q

CNIII

A

Oculomotor

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7
Q

CNIV

A

Trochlear

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8
Q

CNV

A

Trigeminal

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9
Q

CNV1

A

Ophthalmic

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10
Q

CNV2

A

Maxillary

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11
Q

CNV3

A

Mandibular

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12
Q

CNVI

A

Abducens

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13
Q

CNVII

A

Facial

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14
Q

CNVIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

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15
Q

CNIX

A

Glossopharyngeal

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16
Q

CNX

A

Vagus

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17
Q

CNXI

A

Spinal accessory

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18
Q

CNXII

A

Hypoglossal

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19
Q

Olfactory exits through

A

cribriform plate

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20
Q

Optic exits through

A

optic canal

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21
Q

oculomotor exits through

A

superior orbital fissure

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22
Q

trochlear exits through

A

superior orbital fissure

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23
Q

ophthalmic exits through

A

superior orbital fissure

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24
Q

abducens exits through

A

superior orbital fissure

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25
Q

which nerves exit through superior orbital fissure

A

oculomotor, trochlear, ophthalmic, abducens

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26
Q

maxillary exits through

A

foramen rotundum

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27
Q

mandibular exits through

A

foramen ovale

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28
Q

facial exits through

A

internal acoustic meatus

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29
Q

vestibulocochlear exits through

A

internal acoustic meatus

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30
Q

which nerves exit through internal acoustic meatus

A

facial, vestibulocochlear

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31
Q

glossopharyngeal exits through

A

jugular foramen

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32
Q

vagus exits through

A

jugular foramen

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33
Q

accessory exits through

A

jugular foramen

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34
Q

which nerves exit through the jugular foramen

A

glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessorry

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35
Q

hypoglossal exits through

A

hypoglossal canal

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36
Q

olfactory nerve function

A

special sense of smell

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37
Q

which nerves transmit parasympathetic information

A

III, VII, IX, X

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38
Q

optic nerve function

A

special sense of vision

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39
Q

oculomotor nerve function

A

motor to most extraocular muscles, parasympathetic to pupillary sphincter and ciliary eye muscles

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40
Q

trochlear nerve function

A

motor to superior oblique muscle of eye

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41
Q

abducens nerve function

A

motor to lateral rectus muscle of eye

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42
Q

vestibulocochlear nerve function

A

special sense of hearing and balance

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43
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve function

A

sensory to posterior 1/3 of tongue, palate, oropharynx (afferent gag reflex), motor to pharynx, special sense of taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue, parasympathetic to parotid gland

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44
Q

vagus nerve function

A

sensory to external ear, larynx, esophagus. Motor to pharynx, larynx, palate, esophagus (efferent gag reflex). Parasympathetic to thoracic and abdominal organs

45
Q

spinal accessory nerve function

A

motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

46
Q

hypoglossal function

A

motor to tongue

47
Q

which nerve is parasympathetic to pupillary response

A

oculomotor

48
Q

which nerves are motor to eye movements

A

oculmotor, trochlear, abducens

49
Q

which nerves are parasympathetic to salivary glands

A

facial, glossopharyngeal

50
Q

which nerves are special sense of taste

A

facial (anterior 2/3), glossopharyngeal (posterior 1/3)

51
Q

which nerves comprise gag reflex

A

glossopharyngeal (afferent), vagus (efferent)

52
Q

which nerves are sensory to tongue

A

mandibular division of trigeminal (anterior 2/3) glossopharyngeal (posterior 1/3)

53
Q

which nerves are involved in swallowing

A

glossopharyngeal, vagus

54
Q

2 sensory branches of ophthalmic division

A

frontal nerve, branches to cornea and conjunctiva

55
Q

course of frontal nerve

A

runs in superior aspect of orbit, gives off lacrimal nerve branch, exits orbit and becomes supraorbital nerve

56
Q

supraorbital nerve innervates

A

sensory to part of the face

57
Q

two sensory branches of maxillary division

A

infraorbital, superior alveolar

58
Q

infraorbital nerve course

A

runs in inferior aspect of orbit, passes through infraorbital foramen

59
Q

infraorbital nerve innervates

A

sensory to part of face

60
Q

superior alveolar nerve innervates

A

sensory to upper teeth, some sinuses, nasal mucosa

61
Q

four sensory branches of mandibular division

A

buccal, auricotemporal, lingual, inferior alveolar

62
Q

inferior alveolar nerve becomes

A

mental nerve

63
Q

buccal nerve innervates

A

sensory to inside of mouth and cheek

64
Q

auricotemporal nerve innervates

A

sensory to skin around external ear, postganglionic parasympathetic to parotid gland

65
Q

lingual nerve innervates

A

sensory to anterior 2/3 of tongue

66
Q

inferior alveolar nerve innervates

A

sensory to lower teeth

67
Q

course of inferior alveolar nerve

A

runs with mandible, exits mandible via mental foramen, becomes mental nerve

68
Q

mental nerve innervates

A

sensory to region of lower lip and face

69
Q

motor innervation of mandibular nerve

A

muscles of mastication

70
Q

muscles of mastication include

A

temporalis, masseter, medial/lateral pterygoid

71
Q

muscles of mastication are innervated by

A

mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

72
Q

course of facial nerve

A

exits cranial cavity via internal acoustic meatus, descends through facial canal in petrous portion of temporal bone and gives off motor branch to stapedius, exits skull via stylomastoid foramen

73
Q

stapedius muscle function

A

dampens the sound received by tympanic membrane

74
Q

where does the facial nerve split into its 5 branches

A

after exiting the stylomastoid foramen as it runs posterior to the parotid gland

75
Q

5 terminal branches of facial nerve

A

temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical

76
Q

what do the 5 terminal branches of facial nerve do

A

innervate muscles of facial expression

77
Q

5 terminal branches of facial nerve make up the

A

parotid plexus

78
Q

temporal branch of facial nerve innervates

A

occipitofrontalis, orbicularis oculi

79
Q

action of occipitiofrontalis

A

elevates eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead, draws scalp backwards

80
Q

action of orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyelids

81
Q

zygomatic branch of facial nerve innervates

A

orbicularis oculi

82
Q

buccal branch of facial nerve innervates

A

orbicularis oris, buccinator, zygomaticus major

83
Q

orbicularis oris action

A

compresses and protrudes lips

84
Q

buccinator action

A

presses cheek against lips

85
Q

zygomaticus major action

A

smiling

86
Q

marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve innervates

A

mentalis

87
Q

mentalis action

A

elevates and protrudes lower lip

88
Q

cervical branch of facial nerve innervates

A

platysma

89
Q

platysma action

A

depresses and wrinkles skin of lower face and mouth, tenses skin of neck

90
Q

branch of facial nerve that provides for sense of taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

chorda tympani

91
Q

location of cell bodies of chorda tympani

A

facial ganglion

92
Q

course of axons of chorda tympani

A

join lingual branch of V3 to reach tongue

93
Q

Peripheral ganglia for parasympathetics in the head

A

ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular, otic

94
Q

origin of sympathetics to head and neck

A

T1-T2

95
Q

synapse point for sympathetics to head and neck

A

superior cervical ganglion

96
Q

CNIII synapses at the (ps)

A

ciliary ganglion

97
Q

CNVII synapses at the (ps)

A

pterygopalatine ganglion, submandibular ganglion

98
Q

parasympathetics coming from ciliary ganglion innervate

A

pupillary constrictor, ciliary muscle

99
Q

parasympathetics coming from pterygopalatine ganglion innervate

A

lacrimal gland

100
Q

parasympathetics coming from submandibular ganglion innervate

A

submandibular and sublingual glands

101
Q

parasympathetics coming from the otic ganglion innervate

A

parotid gland

102
Q

sympathetics coming from the superior cervical ganglion innervate

A

pupillary dilator, skin of head and neck

103
Q

autonomic functions of facial nerve

A

parasympathetic innervation of lacrimal gland, submandibular/sublingual salivary glands

104
Q

how does facial nerve innervate lacrimal gland

A

within the proximal facial canal it gives off the greater petrosal nerve which synapses at the pterygopalatine ganglion. Postsynaptic fibers join lacrimal nerve to innervate lacrimal gland

105
Q

how does facial nerve innervate submandibular and sublingual glands

A

the chorda tympani branch off and synapse at submandiublar ganglion and the postganglionic fibers innervate the two glands

106
Q

autonomic functions of glossopharyngeal nerve

A

parasympathetics to parotid gland

107
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve runs with what nerve to provide parasympathetic innervation to parotid gland

A

auriculotemporal nerve

108
Q

autonomic functions of oculomotor nerve

A

pupillary constriction, ciliary muscle

Clinical Morphology (18 decks)

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