Nature V Nurture Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nature versus nurture debate?

A

The debate about whether human development is influenced more by genetics (nature) or by environment and experiences (nurture).

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2
Q

What is nature (nativism)?

A

The influence of innate/inherited features on development.
• Based on the assumption that children are genetically pre-programmed.
• They inherit skills, abilities, and behaviours from their parents.

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3
Q

Which theories support the nature perspective?

A

• Gesell’s maturation theory.
• Bowlby’s attachment theory.
• Chomsky’s theory of the Language Acquisition Device (LAD).

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4
Q

What is nurture (empiricism)?

A

The influence of the environment and nurturing.
• Based on the assumption that characteristics are acquired and shaped through experiences.

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5
Q

Which theory supports the nurture perspective?

A

Bandura’s social learning theory.

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6
Q

How did Piaget view the nature versus nurture debate?

A

Piaget accepted that children develop in a predestined way (stages of cognitive development) but believed that experiences help them develop new concepts.

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7
Q

What is genetic predisposition?

A

An individual’s genetic predisposition (nature) can be triggered by their environment and life experiences (nurture).

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8
Q

What does the stress-diathesis model explain?

A

How both nature and nurture play a part in the development of psychological disorders.

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9
Q

What is diathesis in the stress-diathesis model?

A

A predisposition or vulnerability to mental disorders due to genetic or biological factors (e.g., abnormalities in the brain or neurotransmitters).

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10
Q

What are stresses in the stress-diathesis model?

A

Traumatic events in a person’s life (e.g., relationships, abuse, or culture) that act as environmental factors.

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