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2 Anatomy > Nasal Cavities and Paranasal Sinuses > Flashcards

Nasal Cavities and Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards

1
Q

name the part of the nose that is located in between the eyebrows

A

root

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2
Q

what is the medical name for the full bridge of the nose?

A

dorsum

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3
Q

what are the ala?

A

the softer wings of the side of the nose

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4
Q

what creates the cupid’s bow of the lip?

A

philtrum

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5
Q

what kind of cartilage is the external cartilage of the nose?

A

hyaline

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6
Q

what makes up the septum of the nose?

A

perpendicular plate of ethmoid

vomer

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7
Q

what 2 structures make up the roof of the nose?

A

cribriform plate

crista galli

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8
Q

what structures make up the lateral wall of the ethmoid bone?

A

superior and middle conchae
ethmoidal air cells
orbital plate of ethmoid

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9
Q

what kind of fracture can disrupt the cribriform plate of the ethmoid?

A

le fort II

le fort III

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10
Q

if the cribriform plate is disrupted, where can an infection in the nasal cavity spread to?

A

anterior cranial fossa

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11
Q

which conchae belong and don’t belong to the ethmoid bone?

A

superior and middle are part of ethmoid

inferior isn’t

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12
Q

name all the bones that contribute to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

A 
ethmoid
nasal
palatine
sphenoid
maxilla
frontal
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13
Q

what part of the sphenoid bone contributes to the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

pterygoid plates

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14
Q

what type of epithelium lines the anterior portion of the nasal cavity?

A

keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

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15
Q

what type of epithelium lines the majority of the nasal cavity?

A

respiratory

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16
Q

what type of epithelium lines the part of the nose responsible for smell

A

olfactory mucosa

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17
Q

how does respiratory epithelium differ in structure and function from other epithelium?

A

is ciliated

secretes mucus

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18
Q

type(s) of innervation supplied by the olfactory nerve?

A

special sensory only

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19
Q

what nerve’s fibres are said to lie like “spaghetti in a sieve” through the cribriform plate?

A

CN1 (olfactory)

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20
Q

what happens to CN1’s fibres after the pass through the cribriform plate?

A

synapse in the olfactory bulb
travel through the olfactory tract
end in temporal lobe

21
Q

somatic sensory supply to the anterosuperior part of the nose?

A

CNV1

22
Q

somatic sensory supply to the posteroinferior part of the nose?

A

CNV2

23
Q

from what vessels do the arteries to the nose arise?

A

external and internal carotid arteries

24
Q

what sensations are under the control of somatic sensory supply?

A

touch
temperature
pain

25
Q

the external carotid artery gives rise to what arteries that supply the nose?

A

facial

maxillary

26
Q

the internal carotid artery gives rise to what artery that supplies the nose?

A

opthalmic

27
Q

the ethmoidal arteries are a branch of what vessel?

A

opthalmic artery

28
Q

the sphenopalatine arteries are a branch of what vessel?

A

maxillary artery

29
Q

does the sphenopalatine or greater palatine artery supply both sides of the nose?

A

sphenopalatine

30
Q

what is kiesselbach’s area?

A

an arterial anastamosis on the nasal septum that is the most common site of epistaxis (nosebleeds)

31
Q

where is each conchae’s meatus in relation to it?

A

under it

32
Q

name the area superoposterior to the superior nasal concha

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

33
Q

where is kiesselbach’s area?

A

anterior 1/3rd of nose on septum

34
Q

what is another name for the anterior cranial fossa?

A

frontal lobe of the brain

35
Q

how should a correctly placed NG tube look on a CXR?

A

straight down the midline of the chest
tip should be visible in the stomach
looks like a walking stick

36
Q

name all the paranasal sinuses

A

frontal sinuses
maxillary sinuses
ethmoidal air cells
sphenoidal sinuses

37
Q

what epithelium lines the paranasal sinuses?

A

respiratory epithelium

38
Q

how does mucous drain from the paranasal sinuses?

A

via ostia into the lateral wall of the nasal cavities (meatuses)

39
Q

how do conchae improve gas exchange?

A

allow a larger surface area of respiratory epithelium

create turbulent air flow

40
Q

what meatus does mucous from the frontal sinus drain to?

A

middle meatus

41
Q

what meatus does mucous from the ethmoidal air cells drain to?

A

superior and middle meatuses

42
Q

what structure does mucous from the sphenoid sinus drain to?

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

43
Q

what structure does mucous from the maxillary sinus drain to?

A

middle meatus

44
Q

only fluid to drain into the inferior meatus?

A

lacrimal fluid (tears)

45
Q

what is sinusitis?

A

inflammation of the mucosa of paranasal sinuses

46
Q

what provides the pain sensation in sinusitis?

A

CNV1

CNV2

47
Q

where can pain refer to and why in maxillary sinusitis?

A

teeth as some nerve roots of the tooth can extend into the maxillary sinus
there is a very thin wall between the two
both are supplied by CNV

48
Q

what sinus is most prone to sinusitis and why

A

maxilla

ostia are superior so inflamed mucous has to work against gravity to exit

49
Q

give the sensory supply for each of the paranasal sinuses

A

CNV1- ethmoidal, frontal, sphenoidal

CNV2- maxillary

2 Anatomy (28 decks)

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