Anatomy of Venous Circulation

Question 1

What does the brachial artery bifurcate into?

Answer 1

Radial and ulnar arteries

Question 2

Which of the radial and ulnar arteries is the most superficial?

Answer 2

ulnar

Question 3

why is there a deep brachial artery as well as a brachial?

Answer 3

flexing elbow cuts off blood supply to brachial so need an alternative

Question 4

what is an end artery?

Answer 4

only blood supply to a given area of the body; no collaterals present

Question 5

what would happen if an end artery was occluded?

Answer 5

infarction

Question 6

name the arteries of the arm from proximal to distal

Answer 6

subclavian
axillary
brachial/deep brachial
radial/ulnar
superficial/deep palmar arches
metacarpal
digital

Question 7

name the arteries of the leg from proximal to distal

Answer 7

external iliac
femoral/deep femoral
popliteal
ant/post tibeal
dorsalis pedis

Question 8

what does the deep femoral artery supply?

Answer 8

hamstrings and back of leg

Question 9

what do superficial veins drain into?

Answer 9

deep veins

Question 10

what tissue do superficial veins run in?

Answer 10

superficial fascia

Question 11

what tissue do deep veins run in?

Answer 11

deep to deep fascia or in body cavities

Question 12

name the superficial veins of the upper limb and where they arise from

Answer 12

cephalic vein and basilic vein

dorsal venous network

Question 13

which is the most medial of the superficial veins of the upper limb?

Answer 13

basilic vein

Question 14

what does the cephalic vein drain into

Answer 14

axillary vein

Question 15

what does the basilic vein drain into

Answer 15

brachial vein

Question 16

at what anatomical landmark does the axillary vein become the subclavian vein?

Answer 16

lateral border of rib 1

Question 17

name the superficial veins of the lower limb

Answer 17

great saphenous
small saphenous
dorsal venous arch

Question 18

where do the great and small saphenous veins arise from?

Answer 18

dorsal venous arch

Question 19

which is the more medial of the great and small saphenous veins?

Answer 19

great saphenous

Question 20

what vein does the great saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 20

femoral vein

Question 21

what vein does the small saphenous vein drain into?

Answer 21

popliteal

Question 22

name the deep veins of the lower limb from distal to proximal

Answer 22

plantar arch
post/ant tibial
fibular 
popliteal
femoral/deep femoral

Question 23

what are perforating veins?

Answer 23

connect superficial veins to deep veins by perforating the deep fascia; ensure unidirectional blood flow

Question 24

how does the clinical presentation of venous insufficiency in the superficial and deep veins differ?

Answer 24

superficial= ULCER
deep= THROMBOSIS

Question 25

most common site of venous ulceration?

Answer 25

medial aspect of the distal leg

Question 26

where do the deep lymphatics of the upper limb drain into?

Answer 26

lateral axillary lymph nodes

Question 27

name the superficial lymphatics that follow the basilic vein route

Answer 27

cubital lymph nodes

Question 28

name the superficial lymphatics that follow the great saphenous vein route

Answer 28

superficial inguinal lymph nodes => deep inguinal nodes

Question 29

name the superficial lymphatics that follow the small saphenous vein route

Answer 29

popliteal nodes=> deep inguinal nodes => external iliac nodes

Question 30

where do the external iliac lymph nodes drain into?

Answer 30

common iliac nodes => lumbar lymphatics