Dissection 4: Popliteal Fossa and Posterior Leg Flashcards

1
Q

name the structures located superomedially to popliteal fossa

A

semitendinosus

semimembranosus

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2
Q

name the structure located superolaterally to popliteal fossa

A

biceps femoris

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3
Q

name the structures located inferiorly to popliteal fossa

A

medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius

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4
Q

what does the small saphenous vein have to pass through to get to the popliteal vein?

A

deep fascia

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5
Q

where is the popliteal fossa’s neurovascular bundle located?

A

median plane of the fossa

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6
Q

name the components of the tibial nerves neurovascular bundle?

A

tibial nerve
popliteal vein
popliteal artery

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7
Q

most common location for the sciatic nerve to divide?

A

superior apex of the fossa into tibial nerve and

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8
Q

what does the common fibular nerve divide into?

A

deep

superficial

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9
Q

what do the sural nerves supply?

A

skin and fascia on posterolateral aspect of leg and foot

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10
Q

which nerves give off a sural cutaneous branch?

A

common fibular

tibial

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11
Q

which nerve’s branch is the medial sural cutaneous nerve

A

tibial

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12
Q

what route does the sural nerve follow to reach the foot

A

alongside the small saphenous vein in the superficial fascia

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13
Q

what muscle is commonly found deep to the lateral head of the gastrocnemius

A

small plantaris

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14
Q

what kind of trauma is the common fibular nerve particularly prone to?

A

compression injuries eg cast

fractures via fibular neck

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15
Q

superficial muscles of the posterior leg

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris
popliteus

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16
Q

deep muscles of the posterior leg

A

flexor hallicus longus
flexor digitorum longus
tibialis posterior

17
Q

main function of deep muscles of posterior leg

A

plantar flexion of ankle

18
Q

nerve supply to posterior leg

A

tibial nerve

19
Q

name the layers of the posterior leg from anterior to posterior

A

tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus

20
Q

name the 2 heads of the gastrocnemius muscle

A

medial

lateral

21
Q

what do the heads of the gastrocnemius muscle attach to

A

calcaneus via achilles tendon

22
Q

why is the soleus called such?

A

looks like a “sole” - the flat fish

23
Q

where does the soleus attach to proximally

A

neck of fibula

soleal line of tibea

24
Q

where does soleus attach to distally

A

calcaneus via achilles tendon

25
Q

name the nerve levels of the tibial nerve

A

s1-s2

26
Q

what does the anterior tibial artery pierce to supply the anterior leg

A

interosseus membrane

27
Q

behind which structure does the posterior tibial artery leave the posterior compartment of the leg

A

medial malleolus

28
Q

does the fibular artery branch off from the posterior tibial artery proximally or distally in the compartment

A

proximally

29
Q

name the 3 structures that the deep muscles of the posterior leg attach proximally to?

A

tibia
mid shaft of fibula
interosseus membrane

30
Q

what do the tendons of the deep muscles attach to distally

A

medial tarsal bones (TP)
distal phalanges of lateral four toes (FDL)
distal phalanx of great toe (FHL).