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2 Anatomy > Anatomy of the Thyroid Gland > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Thyroid Gland Flashcards

1
Q

what is the proper name for the adam’s apple?

A

laryngeal prominence

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2
Q

thinnest part of the thyroid gland?

A

isthmus

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3
Q

name the 3 parts of the thyroid gland

A

2 lateral lobes

isthmus

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4
Q

where does the isthmus lie?

A

amterior to 2nd and 3rd cartilages of trachea

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5
Q

where do the lobes of the thyroid attach to?

A

lateral spects of thyroid and cricoid cartilage

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6
Q

what will a lump/enlarged area of the thyroid gland do when the patient swallows?

A

move up and down with the larynx

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7
Q

how many parathyroid glands are there?

A

4

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8
Q

where are the parathyroid glands located?

A

posterior surface of the thyroid’s lateral lo

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9
Q

where does the pyramidal lobe originate from?

A

left lateral lobe

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10
Q

where does the pyramidal lobe insert?

A

mainly thyroid cartilage but sometimes hyoid

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11
Q

in what structure does the thyroid gland begin its development?

A

tongue

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12
Q

how does the thyroid gland migrate?

A

goes inferiorly via thyroglossal duct to reach larynx

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13
Q

at what time does the thyroid gland reach the larynx?

A

7th week

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14
Q

what layer of tissue is the platsyma located in?

A

superficial fascia

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15
Q

is the platysma a skeletal or smooth muscle?

A

skeletal

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16
Q

what group of muscles does the platysma belong to?

A

muscles of facial expression

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17
Q

nerve supply to the platysma muscles?

A

facial nerve (CN 5)

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18
Q

name the most superficial fascial compartment

A

investing fascia

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19
Q

what fascial compartment contains the vertebrae?

A

deep fascia

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20
Q

what fascial compartment of the neck contains the postural neck muscles?

A

deep fascia

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21
Q

which 2 muscles are enclosed in the investing fascia?

A

sternocleomastoid

trapezius

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22
Q

what is enclosed in the carotid sheath?

A

vagus nerve
deep cervical lymph nodes
carotid arteries
internal jugular vein

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23
Q

what neck fascia encloses all the other neck fascial compartments?

A

investing fascia

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24
Q

what structures are enclosed within the pretracheal fascia?

A 
oesophagus
trachea
thyroid gland
strap muscles
recurrent laryngeal nerve
25
Q

is the pretracheal fascia located anteriorly or posteriorly?

A

anteriorly

26
Q

what 2 fascias does the retropharyngeal space lie between?

A

pretracheal

deep

27
Q

what muscles of the neck does CN11 innervate?

A

SCM

trapezius

28
Q

what does the external jugular vein drain into?

A

subclavian vein

29
Q

what fascia do the jugular veins run in?

A

superficial fascia

30
Q

what does the anterior jugular vein drain into?

A

external jugular vein

31
Q

what are the 2 heads of the sternocleomastoid muscle called?

A

sternal head

clavicular head

32
Q

where does the sternal head of the SCM attach?

A

manubrium of sternum

33
Q

where does the clavicular head of the SCM attach?

A

medial end of the clavicle

34
Q

what do both heads of the SCM attach to?

A

mastoid process of the temporal bone

35
Q

where does the carotid sheath lie in relation to the thyroid gland?

A

anterolaterally

36
Q

where does the carotid sheath attach superiorly?

A

base of the skull

37
Q

at what vertebral level does the common carotid artery bifurcate?

A

C4

38
Q

what are the inferior thyroid arteries a branch of?

A

subclavian arteries

39
Q

what are the superior thyroid arteries a branch of?

A

external carotid arteries

40
Q

how many venous outputs are there on either side of the thyroid? what are they called?

A

3; superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins

41
Q

what do the superior thyroid veins drain into to get to the SVC?

A

internal jugular veins -> brachiocephalic veins

42
Q

what do the middle thyroid veins drain into to get to the SVC?

A

internal jugular veins -> brachiocephalic veins

43
Q

what do the inferior thyroid veins drain into to get to the SVC?

A

brachiocephalic veins only

44
Q

main lymph node supplies to the thyroid and parathyroid glands?

A

superior deep cervical lymph nodes at top
deep cervical lymph nodes at bottom
pretracheal node
paratracheal nodes

45
Q

what part of the brain does the vagus nerve exit from?

A

medulla oblongata

46
Q

what foramen does the vagus nerve leave the skull

A

jugular

47
Q

do the vagus nerves pass anteriorly or posteriorly to lung hila?

A

posteriorly

48
Q

does the right or the left vagus pass lateral to the trachea?

A

right

49
Q

what 2 structures arise together embryologically from the 4th aortic arch artery?

A

right subclavian

arch of the aorta

50
Q

which recurrent laryngeal nerve hooks under the aortic arch?

A

left recurrent laryngeal nerve

51
Q

what does the right recurrent laryngeal nerve hook under?

A

subclavian artery

52
Q

are the strap muscles found above or below the hyoid bone?

A

inferior

53
Q

most superficial of the strap muscles?

A

sternohyoid

omohyoid

54
Q

what muscles are anterior and posterior to the posterior triangle of the neck?

A 
SCM = ant
trapezius = post
55
Q

what structures is a thyroidectomy incision made through?

A

platysma

skin

56
Q

where should the incision be made in a thyroidectomy?

A

superior to:
clavicles
jugular notch

57
Q

what nerve runs in the tracheooesophageal groove?

A

right recurrent laryngeal nerve

58
Q

what does injury of 1 recurrent laryngeal nerve result in?

A

hoarseness of vocal cord

weak cough

59
Q

what kind of nerve supply does the recurrent laryngeal nerve give?

A

somatic motor

2 Anatomy (28 decks)

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