myocarditis Flashcards
acute myocarditis can cause
cardioyopathies, specifically dilated
on an xray of dilated cardiomyopathy, what do you see?
- enlarged heart
2. congested lung field
on echo of dilated cardiomyopathy, what do you see?
- dilated and poorly contractile LV
2. hypokinetic LV
what does activation of AT1receptors by angiotensin II cause?
- vasoconstriction
- increased aldosterone relases
- sodiume retention
- fibrosis
- increased sympathetic activity
polarity: if going away from the electrode, R wave is
negative
positive if going towards
in stress induced ischemia, what is the effect on the ST?
ST depression
acute coronary syndrome ischemia will result in
inverted T wave
steps in evolving transmural MI
- peaked T wave
- T wave inversion
- ST elevation
- Q wave, ST elevation, T inversion
prolonged QT interval increases susceptibility to ____.
arrhythmia
How do you tell if a QT interval is prolonged??
Normally, the distance from the beginning of QRS to end of T wave is less than half from one QRS to the next
If QT is more than half than R-R interval, then that tells you that the QT interval is prolonged.
What causes a long QT interval?
- congenital long QT syndrome (genetic)
- hypothermia (acquired)
- class IA or 3 anti-arrhythmic drugs (acquired)
- hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia (acquired)
second degree AV block
Some P waves precede QRS, but not all
Progressive lengthening of PR interval followed by non-conducted P wave
the complete heart block displays
no relationship between P wave and QRS
The p waves move faster than QRS
histology of acute viral myocarditis displays
- damaged myocytes
- interstitial inflammatory infiltrate
(mostly lymphocytes)
arrythmogenic myocardial substrate displays
- disorganized myocytes
- remodeling coronary arteriole
- replacement fibrosis
