myocardial pathology

Question 1

Cardiac Myxoma

Answer 1

1. Benign Neoplasm
2. Most common primary tumor of heart in teens and adults
3. Frequency: Rare
4. Fragments can embolize into systemic circulation and lodge in brain, kidneys or other organs
5. Can cause syncope or sudden death

Question 2

Cardiac Myxoma is located

Answer 2

Left atrium&raquo_space; right atrium and other sites

Question 3

cardiac myxoma structure

Answer 3

1. pedunculated or sessile;

2. Ball-valve obstruction and damage (mitral valve most commonly involved)

Question 4

Rhabdomyoma:

Answer 4

made of skeletal muscle cells and is the most common primary cardiac tumor of infancy/childhoor

Question 5

Autoimmune Diseases: Collagen Vascular Diseases (CVD) / Connective Tissue Disease (CTD)

Answer 5

1. Distinguished from Organ-Specific Autoimmune Disease - Lung and Kidney: Goodpasture Disease
   a. - Red Blood Cells: autoimmune hemolytic anemia
   b. - Thyroid: Graves Disease
2. . Heart involvement as part of systemic disease process
3. Variable involvement of pericardium, myocardium, endocardium
4. Can have heart blood vessel-focused attack: vasculitis leading to small infarcts

Question 6

Systemic “auto-immune diseases” are:`

Answer 6

variable organ system involvement
(i.e.,
(systemic lupus erythematosus, Scleroderma / Systemic Sclerosis, Rheumatoid Arthritis)

Question 7

toxic effects are:

Answer 7

1. Some agents have toxic effects on muscle; mechanism is
   often not known
2. Can vary among patients: some sensitive, some not”idiosyncratic”

Question 8

Amyloidosis: Protein deposition

Answer 8

1. Proteins deposited: deposition as “beta-pleated sheets”
   a. Plasma Cell Neoplasm/ Dyscrasia:
   e. g. “multiple myeloma”
2. Immunoglobulin light chain: κ, λ light chain
   a. Chronic Disease: Amyloid P
   b. Other: transthyretin / prealbumin