myocardial pathology 2

Question 1

mechanism of HF in dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 1

impairment of contractility

systolic dysfunction

Question 2

mechanism of HF in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 2

impairment of compliance

diastolic dysfunction

Question 3

mechanism of HF in restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 3

impairment of compliance

diastolic dysfunction

Question 4

causes of dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 4

1. idiopathic
2. alcohol
3. peripartum
4. genetic
5. myocarditis
6. anemia
7. doxorubucin
8. sarcoidosis

Question 5

causes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 5

1. genetic
2. friedreich ataxia
3. storage diseases
4. infants of diabetic mothers

Question 6

causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 6

1. idiopathic
2. amyloidosis
3. radiation induced fibrosis

Question 7

indirect myodilated dysfunction: dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 7

1. ischemic heart disease
2. valvular heart disease
3. hypertensive heart disease
4. congenital heart disease

Question 8

indirect myodilated dysfunction: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 8

1. hypertensive heart disease

2. aortic stenosis

Question 9

indirect myodilated dysfunction: restrcitive cardiomyopathy

Answer 9

pericardial constriction

Question 10

dilated cardiomyopathy: mechanism

Answer 10

impaired contractility

Question 11

dilated cardiomyopathy: microscopic changes

Answer 11

non specific

Question 12

dilated cardiomyopathy: complication

Answer 12

mural thrombus formation

1. systemic embolization
2. arrhythmia

Question 13

dilated cardiomyopathy: Hearts are

Answer 13

BIG and dilated (walls may be thick or thin)

30-40% of cases have associated genetic mutations, more yet to be discovered

Question 14

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is due to

Answer 14

100% due to genetic mutations

Question 15

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is

Answer 15

1. thickened interventricular septum bulges into th eLV outflow tract during early systole
2. outflow obstruction through aortic valve ejection murmur
3. anterior leaflet of the mitral valve may also impinge on septal wall during systole
4. cannot relax in diastole (impaired compliance)

Question 16

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy complication:

Answer 16

sudden death (young athletes)

Question 17

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathologic changes:

Answer 17

hypertrophy and disarray of fibers

Question 18

restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 18

1. cannot relax during diastole (impaired compliance)
2. typically acquired (not really genetically linked)
3. amyloid deposition and radiation-induced fibrosis are good examples

Question 19

dilated cardiomyopathy etiology

Answer 19

genetic, infection, alcoholic, peripartum

Question 20

restrictive cardiomyopathy etiology

Answer 20

1. ayloidosis
2. hemochromatosis
3. scleroderma
4. radiation therapy

Question 21

dilated cardiomyopathy pathophysiology

Answer 21

impaired systolic contriction

Question 22

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathophysiology

Answer 22

1. impaired diastolic relaxation
2. LV systolic function vigorious
3. often with dynamic obstruction

Question 23

restrictive cardiomyopathy pathophysiology

Answer 23

1. stiff LV with impaired diastolic relaxation

2. usually normal systolic function