myocardial pathology 2 Flashcards
mechanism of HF in dilated cardiomyopathy
impairment of contractility
systolic dysfunction
mechanism of HF in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
impairment of compliance
diastolic dysfunction
mechanism of HF in restrictive cardiomyopathy
impairment of compliance
diastolic dysfunction
causes of dilated cardiomyopathy
- idiopathic
- alcohol
- peripartum
- genetic
- myocarditis
- anemia
- doxorubucin
- sarcoidosis
causes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- genetic
- friedreich ataxia
- storage diseases
- infants of diabetic mothers
causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy
- idiopathic
- amyloidosis
- radiation induced fibrosis
indirect myodilated dysfunction: dilated cardiomyopathy
- ischemic heart disease
- valvular heart disease
- hypertensive heart disease
- congenital heart disease
indirect myodilated dysfunction: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- hypertensive heart disease
2. aortic stenosis
indirect myodilated dysfunction: restrcitive cardiomyopathy
pericardial constriction
dilated cardiomyopathy: mechanism
impaired contractility
dilated cardiomyopathy: microscopic changes
non specific
dilated cardiomyopathy: complication
mural thrombus formation
- systemic embolization
- arrhythmia
dilated cardiomyopathy: Hearts are
BIG and dilated (walls may be thick or thin)
30-40% of cases have associated genetic mutations, more yet to be discovered
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is due to
100% due to genetic mutations
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is
- thickened interventricular septum bulges into th eLV outflow tract during early systole
- outflow obstruction through aortic valve ejection murmur
- anterior leaflet of the mitral valve may also impinge on septal wall during systole
- cannot relax in diastole (impaired compliance)
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy complication:
sudden death (young athletes)
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathologic changes:
hypertrophy and disarray of fibers
restrictive cardiomyopathy
- cannot relax during diastole (impaired compliance)
- typically acquired (not really genetically linked)
- amyloid deposition and radiation-induced fibrosis are good examples
dilated cardiomyopathy etiology
genetic, infection, alcoholic, peripartum
restrictive cardiomyopathy etiology
- ayloidosis
- hemochromatosis
- scleroderma
- radiation therapy
dilated cardiomyopathy pathophysiology
impaired systolic contriction
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathophysiology
- impaired diastolic relaxation
- LV systolic function vigorious
- often with dynamic obstruction
restrictive cardiomyopathy pathophysiology
- stiff LV with impaired diastolic relaxation
2. usually normal systolic function
