Myeloid and Lymphoid malignancies Flashcards
CML
Men: women = 2:1
Median age 53
9;22 translocation > BCR/ABL
Splenomegaly, anemia, hepatomegaly, thrombocytosis
Chronic phase CML
< 10% blasts
None to mild symptoms
Accelerated phase CML
10-19% blasts, >20% basophils
Low platelet count
Fever, poor appetite, weight loss
Blast phase CML
> 20% blasts
Like acute leukemia
Fever, enlarged spleen, weight loss
AML
Age peak > 60 years
Short survival
Multiple hits needed, combination of class I and II mutation
Class I mutation AML
Proliferation advantage
Mutation in growth-factor receptors and signaltransduction
Class II mutation AML
Differentation stop
Mutation in gene transcription and cellcycle
Hiatus leukaemicus
Charecteristic for AML
Absence of intermediate maturation stages in blood ro marrow
SCLL
Form of CLL
Lymphadenopathy, doens’t infiltrate bone marrow
CLL
B-cell receptor becomes oncogenetic
Spread to spleen and lymphnodes
Hodgkin-lymphoma
B-cell lymphoma
Nodulair pattern
Marginal zone lymphoma
Extranodular in MALT
Caused by chronic infection of gastric mucosa
Lymphoma dissapears with antibiotics
Follicular Lymphoma
14;18 translocation > IgH-BCL2
In germinal centra of lymph follicles
Not curable
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Most frequent hematological tumor, very aggressive
Nodal and extranodal
Combination of chemo, immunotheraphy and prednison
Mantle cell lymphoma
11;14 translocation > IgH-CCND1
Nodal, extranodal and leukemic
