Mycology Flashcards
What classifies an organism as a member of the kingdom Fungi?
- Member of the clade Opisthokont (posterior flagella) with animals and protista
- Eukaryotic cells
- Heterotrophs
- Cell wall made of chitin
What does a fungal culture look like macroscopically and microscopically?
Macroscopic feature: Agar plate colour change, older at centre, etc
Microscopic: Fruiting bodies, mycelium, yeast, etc.
6 Fungal Taxonomy groups
ABCD-GZ (end in -mycota)
1) Ascomycota
2) Basidomycota
3) Chytridiomycota
4) Deuteromycota
5) Glomeromycota
6) Zygomycota
Spore
Sexual and Asexual reproduction cycles
Survive long periods
Need moisture to stimulate growth
Hyphae
1) Designed to increase SA
2) Grow from each spore
3) Cells cannot move so hyphael extensions are their way on moving around environment
4) Branches coming off the Septa
Deuteromycota
Left overs
Septa
Create long linear branches of mycelium
can be multicellular = mycelium
can single cell but multinucleated = coencyte
Yeast
Single cell
Look like bacteria when grown on agar
Make beer, wine, and bread
Mould
Multicellular filamentous fungi
Form microscopic fruiting bodies
Fruiting Body
Aerial mycelium
Fungal role in environment
1) Recycle nutrients
2) Digest non-living ORGANIC matter
3) Secrete exoenzymes
4) Make nutrients available for other plans and organisms to utilize
5) Mycorrhizae
Fungal role in disease
1) 1% of fungi can cause disease
2) Mycosis is arising as fungal disease in immunocompromised patients
3) Antifungal drug resistance
Mycorrhizae
Intimate association with plants
Without these symbiotic relationships most plants would not grow well
3 ways which fungi can cause disease
1) Invasive pathogen
2) Toxin
3) Hypersensitivity/Allergy
Dermatophytes
Fungal infections of the skin, hair, + nails
Ex) Ringworm
