Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

VETS1060 Veterinary Biology > Deuterosomes > Flashcards

Deuterosomes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

2 phyla of deuterosomes

A

1) Echinodermata

2) Chordata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

General features of deuterostomes (4)

A

1) Bilateral symmetry
2) Coeom
3) Radial cleavage
4) Blastopore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Examples of Echinodermata

A

Starfish, sand dollars, sea urchins, sea lillies, sea cucumbers and brittle stars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Do echinoderms or chordata share a common ancestor with humans?

A

Echinodermata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Echinodermata exoskeleton is made out of (1)

A

CaCO3 (Calcium carbonate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Types of sexual reproduction in echinodermata

A

Contain sexual and asexual reproduction capabilities
Sexual: Reproduction
Asexual: shed leg to form new individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Holothioidea

A

Sea cucumbers

Important food in certain cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

3 sub-phylums of Chordata

A

1) Vertebrata
2) Cephalochordata
3) Urochordata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Urochordata

A

Sea squirts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Four common features of Chordates

A

1) Notochord
2) Pharyngeal slits
3) Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
4) Muscular, post-anal tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where does the notochord develop from?

A

Mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Placement of the notochord

A

Dorsal to the coelom

Beneath (but parallel to) the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Notochord features

A

Core of cells & fluid surrounded by fibrous sheath

Allows for locomotion through lateral undulation (tail movement like sperm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Who contains notochord and when?

A

Present in bony fish and terrestrial vertebrates

  • present during embryonic development
  • replaced by ventral column
  • persists as nucleus pulposes in intervertebral disk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who and when contain Pharyngeal slits?

A

Terrestrial vertebrates (present in embryo, lost during embryogenesis)

Aquatic vertebrates (gills develop adjacent to pharyngeal slits; allow for water flow across gills)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Location of the dorsal, hollow nerve cord

A

Lies above (superficial) to the gut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the dorsal hollow nerve cord made out of?

A

fluid-filled neurocoel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Muscular post-anal tail

A
  • posterior elongation of the body beyond the anus

- consists of segmental musculature and the notochord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cephalochordata

A 
Subphylum of Chordata
resemble earliest chordates
fossils in cambrian era 
Temperate and Tropical seas 
Anatomically simple 
Living: Brachiostoma - amphioxus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Branchiostoma

A 
Subphylum of chordata 
Possess all 4 chordate features in adult
Blade like body shape 
- Filter feed
- ciliated pharynx
- mucous nets across slits
21
Q

Systems in Cephalochordata

A

Digestive system
Circulatory system
“Brain” is not differentiated - cluster of cells

22
Q

How is the Chordate brain similar to human brain? (3)

A

Similar gene expression in human embryos compared to chordate

1) BF1
2) Otx
3) Hox3

23
Q

Urochordata

A

Subphylum of Chordata
All species are marine
Tunicates
Ex) Sea Squirts

24
Q

Which Chordate subphylum evolved alongside vertebrates and have a common ancestor?

A

Urochordates

25
Q

What are the three divisions of the CNS in chordates?

A

1) Sensory vesicle
2) Visceral ganglion
3) Nerve cord

26
Q

Sensory Vesicle

A

Part of chordate CNS
Contains (2)
1) Ocellus
2) Otolith

27
Q

Ocellus

A

Photoreceptive organ

28
Q

Otolith

A

Gravity-sensitive structure

29
Q

Visceral ganglion (2)

A

Part of Chordate CNS

1) Sends nerve tracts to musculature
2) Receives sensory nerves from tail

30
Q

Nerve Cord

A

Part of Chordate CNS

  • Ciliated ependymal cells around neurocoel
  • move CSF through nerve chord
  • Same type of cells that humans have
31
Q

Ependymal cells

A

CNS cells which function to move cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) through nerve chord

32
Q

4 structures found in Chordate Larvae

A

1) Central Nervous system
2) Neural Crest Cells
3) Rudimentary Heart
4) Blood

33
Q

Craniata

A
  • Chordates with heads (craniums) for movement and feeding
34
Q

What is the unique feature of Chordate Larvae

A

Presence of the neural crest

- population of cells that give rise to many structures (teeth, bone, neurons, etc.)

35
Q

Hagfish

A 
Craniate, part of chordata
Cartilaginous skull - not bony skull
No jaw or vertebrae 
Notochord in adult 
All Marine 
Feed on detritus 
Produce mucus for defence
36
Q

Lampreys

A

Vertebrate, derived from craniates
Cartilaginous skeleton
Lack jaws, have rasping tongue/teeth
Primitive vertebrae ENCLOSE vertebrae

37
Q

What was the most significant step towards selective feeding?

A

Development of jaws in Gnathostomes

38
Q

2 classes of Gnathostomes

A

1) Chondrichthyes (cartilagenous fish)

2) Osteichthyes (bony fish)

39
Q

Chondrichthyes

A 
Cartilaginous skeleton 
Sharks and rays
cartilaginous skeleton replaces notochord
Internal Fertilization
Contain Placoid Scales
Lack swim bladder
40
Q

Placoid scales (3)

A

1) Dentine and enamel
2) Surface denticles (“small teeth”)
3) Develop in dermis (project through epidermis)

41
Q

What destinguishes between males and females in Chondrichthyes

A

Males: Claspers
Females: Cloaca

42
Q

What allows Chondrichthyes eggs develop in harsh water environment

A

Oviparous: Tough, leathery egg cases

43
Q

How long is the dogfish (chondrichthyes) gestation period?

A

2 years

44
Q

Osteichthyes

A 
Class Vertebrata
Bony fish
Predominantly bone scales (do not penetrate epidermis)
Swim Bladder
External fertilization
45
Q

2 subclasses of Osteichthyes

A

1) Actinopterygii - ray finned fish (trout)

2) Sarcopterygii - lobe-finned fish (lungfish)

46
Q

Actinopterygii (2)

A

Ray-finned fish
muscles that control fins are within the body
1) Palaeonisciformes
2) Sturgeons (largest freshwater fish)

47
Q

Sarcopterygii

A

Lobe-finned fish
Fleshy fins composed of soft muscles
HUMANS derived from fleshy-finned fish

48
Q

subclass of Sarcopterygii (1)

A

Coelacanth

  • Vertebrate tiny
  • Notochord well developed
  • Swim Bladder

VETS1060 Veterinary Biology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions