Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
Vitamin D helps the body absorb?
Calcium
What factors cause vitamin D deficiency?
Lack of sunlight and diet
What are the main types of tissue?
Epithelial, muscle, nerve and connective
What are the main types of connective tissue?
Bone, cartilage, tendon and ligament
What does the skeletal system do?
Support, movement, protection and mineral storage
Skeleton can be divided into 2?
Axial (protects vital organs) and the appendicular skeleton
What does the axial skeleton protect?
Vital organs
What does cancellous (spongey) bone look like?
Cheese
What does compact bone look like?
Hard
Compact bone is made up of osteons, which form?
Lamaelle
Long bone: what part is the diaphysis?
Middle
Long bone: where is the epiphysis?
Both ends
Bone coverings: what is the articular cartilage?
Where it joins to another bone
Bone coverings: where is the periosteum found?
Outer surface of bone
What does the matrix consist of?
Calcium, magnesium and phosphates
What are the bone cells?
OsteoBlasts - Build bone
Osteoclasts - remodelling
Osteocytes - structural
What is the lamellae?
Layers of bone matrix
What is the lancunae?
Spaces containing tissue fluids and osteocytes
What is the canaliculi?
Connects lacunae and central canal
What is the central canal?
Canal in the centre of bone matrix
What is the trabeculae?
Bony branches
How does movements work?
Nerves make muscles contract/relax to make movement at the joint
What are the 3 types of joints?
1) fibrous - fixed so limited movement
2) cartilaginous - permit little movement
3) synovial - freely movable
What is osteoporosis?
Loss of bone tissue
Functions of skeletal muscle?
Movement , posture and heat production
What is unicleate?
Single nucleus
What is multinucleate?
Multiple nucleus
What is the homeostasis if calcium?
R- thyroid gland
C- calcitonin (hormone)
E- deposition in bones and uptake in kidneys
