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Physiology & Pharmacology > Cells, Tissues & Organs > Flashcards

Cells, Tissues & Organs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four main types of tissue?

A
  • Epithelial
  • Connective
  • Muscle
  • Nervous
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2
Q

What is Epithelial Tissue?

A

Forms the lining layer on the outer and inner surfaces of organs

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3
Q

What is connective tissue?

A

Tissues and organs are supported and held in position in the body by connective tissue which binds, supports and protects other body tissues

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4
Q

What cells are found in Connective tissue?

A

Fibroblasts - secrete extracellular fibres
Mast cells - secrete histamine in inflammatory reactions
Macrophages - engulf pathogens, ageing, damaged and cancer cells

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5
Q

Two or more different tissues form a ..

A

Organ

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6
Q

What’s the order of the cells and the body?

A 
Molecules
Organelles
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ System
Organism
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7
Q

Which organ processes digested nutrients and is the largest organ inside the body?

A

Liver

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8
Q

What’s the largest organ outside of the body?

A

Skin

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9
Q

What tissue is abundant in the wall of the heart?

A

Muscle

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10
Q

What system transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the body?

A

The Circulatory system

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11
Q

What organ system does the trachea belong to?

A

Respiratory

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12
Q

The stomach belongs to what system?

A

Digestive

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13
Q

What organs are involved in the intake of O2?

A

Respiratory
Muscular
Nervous

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14
Q

What type of tissue forms a packing material that surrounds and protects organs by cushioning them?

A

Connective tissue

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15
Q

Examples of a cell?

A

Red blood cell

Cardiac muscle cell

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16
Q

Three main components of the cardiovascular system?

A

Heart
Blood vessels
Blood

17
Q

What are the three layers of the heart wall?

A

Pericardium - outer protective layer
Myocardium - thick, responsible for forcing out bloody of heart chambers
Endocardium - line the interior surface of the heart and all blood vessels

18
Q

Cardiac muscles are located in the walls of the heart & they are ..

A

Striated ( striped )

19
Q

The pericardium has what function?

A

Reduces friction between the 2 pericardial membranes

20
Q

Where does the blood flow through the heart?

A 
Deoxygenated bloody through superior vena cava
Right atrium 
Right ventricle
Pulmonary artery ( to lungs )
Pulmonary vein ( from lungs )
Left atrium 
Left ventricle 
Aorta
Back round body
21
Q

What is the valve called in between the right atrium and right ventricle?

A

Tricuspid valve

22
Q

What’s the valve called in between the right right ventricle going to the pulmonary artery?

A

Pulmonary valve

23
Q

Which chamber of the heart has the thickest wall?

A

Left ventricle because lots of muscle, creates a lot of pressure, creates such a great force to pump the blood around the body

24
Q

Which blood vessel lacks smooth muscle tissue in its wall?

A

Capillary

25
Q

Which bloody vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary arteries

26
Q

Which artery do you usually record the pulse rate in?

A

Radial artery

27
Q

What is the largest diameter artery in the human body?

A

Aorta

28
Q

What is the largest diameter vein in the human body?

A

Inferior vena cava

29
Q

What organelle functions in cellular respiration to produce energy?

A

Mitochondrion (energy plant)

30
Q

What organelle functions to package and deliver proteins?

A

Golgi body (Post office and parcel sorting centre)

31
Q

The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions to?

A

Manufacture and transport proteins (Road and Rail)

32
Q

What organelle is responsible for destroying worn out cell parts?

A

Lysosomes ( recycling plant )

33
Q

Genetic material is contained in the?

A

Nucleus (Town hall and information centre)

34
Q

Which organelle is responsible for the formation of proteins within the cell?

A

Ribosome (Factories)

35
Q

Name some characteristics of the cell membrane?

A 
Protective 
Flexible 
Thin 
Encloses the contents of the cell
Barrier
36
Q

Describe the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?

A

A lipid bilayer with protein molecules dispersed within it

37
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Movement of molecules of high concentration to a lower concentration gradient

38
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Flow of water across a membrane

39
Q

Particles moving from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration is called?

A

Active transport

Physiology & Pharmacology (30 decks)

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