Muscular System Part 2

Question 1

when do you use stored ATP

Answer 1

when you have to jump up randomly

Question 2

if you have less strength, then you have

Answer 2

more flexibility

Question 3

if you have more strength, then you have

Answer 3

less flexibility

Question 4

what is the reversible reaction for creatine phosphate

Answer 4

CP + ADP <–> ATP + C

Question 5

whats the purpose of creatine phosphate

Answer 5

to make ATP in one step

Question 6

how long does creatine phosphate last for

Answer 6

maybe 10 seconds

Question 7

in anaerobic respiration, what is the energy source

Answer 7

glucose

Question 8

what does the glucose produce in anaerobic respiration

Answer 8

glycolysis in the cytosol; glycolysis is two glucose molecules split apart

Question 9

what does the glycolysis then generates how much ATP

Answer 9

2 molecules

Question 10

is oxygen used in anaerobic respiration

Answer 10

no

Question 11

what does lactic acid build up affect

Answer 11

it affects the enzyme and you cant continue because there is a change in pH

Question 12

how does lactic acid build up release

Answer 12

it goes into the blood stream which is then processed out through the liver

Question 13

what are the products of anaerobic respiration

Answer 13

2 ATP per glucose, and lactic acid

Question 14

what is the duration of energy provided in anaerobic respiration

Answer 14

30-40 seconds

Question 15

what is the first energy source in aerobic respiration

Answer 15

glucose

Question 16

what happens at the pyruvic acid stage of the aerobic pathway

Answer 16

the pyruvic acid is the decision point

Question 17

when does the pyruvic acid enter the mitochondria during aerobic respiration

Answer 17

it enters the mitochondria when their is adequate oxygen

Question 18

what is needed in order for fatty acids and amino acids to make more energy

Answer 18

oxygen

Question 19

when doesn’t lactic acid produce

Answer 19

when there is an adequate amount of oxygen

Question 20

is oxygen required in aerobic respiration

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

what does aerobic respiration produce

Answer 21

32 ATP per glucose, CO2, H2O

Question 22

what is the duration of energy provided in aerobic respiration

Answer 22

hours

Question 23

can glucose be stored

Answer 23

no, but glycogen can be stored

Question 24

how much glycogen do you have in aerobic respiration

Answer 24

enough for 2 hours of energy

Question 25

what does the decision point during pyruvic acid depend on

Answer 25

the availability of oxygen

Question 26

where does the process for aerobic respiration occur

Answer 26

within the cytoplasm (cytosol)

Question 27

what type of contraction is a concentric contraction

Answer 27

isotonic contraction

Question 28

what type of contraction is a eccentric contraction

Answer 28

isotonic contraction

Question 29

what type of contraction is a isometric contraction

Answer 29

isometric contraction

Question 30

what contraction does length change, but force stays the same

Answer 30

concentric contractions and eccentric contractions

Question 31

what contraction does length stays the same but force changes

Answer 31

isometric contraction

Question 32

what type of contraction makes you sore

Answer 32

eccentric contraction

Question 33

what is a slow twitch muscle fiber good for

Answer 33

endurance

Question 34

which muscle fiber has tons of mitochondria

Answer 34

slow twitch

Question 35

which muscle fibers have not many mitochondria

Answer 35

fast twitch glycolytic

Question 36

which muscle fiber cell doesnt have much strength

Answer 36

slow twitch

Question 37

what muscle fiber cell produces glycolysis

Answer 37

fast twitch glycolytic

Question 38

what do white blood cells lack

Answer 38

myoglobin

Question 39

which muscle fiber cell is powerful

Answer 39

fast twitch glycolytic

Question 40

what cause blood cells to be red

Answer 40

myoglobin binds to oxygen which is what makes it red

Question 41

which muscle fiber cell has less endurance

Answer 41

fast twitch glycolytic

Question 42

which muscle fiber cell doesnt store myoglobin

Answer 42

fast twitch intermediate

Question 43

where are different fiber types found

Answer 43

all muscles, which are organs

Question 44

how is smooth muscle different than skeletal muscle

Answer 44

smooth muscle has no epimysium, perimysium, fascicles, or endomysium. it also has no striation or t tubules but has a well-defined sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 45

why does smooth muscle have no t tubules

Answer 45

because the current is traveling from cell to cell, there's no need for it to go deep into the cell membrane

Question 46

why does smooth muscle not have an endomysium

Answer 46

because smooth muscle has gap junctions that allow cell communication

Question 47

where is the nucleus of smooth muscle

Answer 47

in the middle of each cell

Question 48

in smooth muscle is there myosin and actin

Answer 48

yes, there is a high ratio of myosin and actin which results in more cross-bridge formations per each actin; myosin's attach to actin more easily

Question 49

in skeletal muscle, calcium binds to troponin. what does calcium bind to in smooth muscle

Answer 49

calmodulin; this then activates an enzyme that energizes the myosin

Question 50

what is required to activate myosin

Answer 50

ATP

Question 51

how do you relax smooth muscle

Answer 51

remove the calcium, back into storage, and into the extracellular environment

Question 52

what is tone

Answer 52

partial contraction

Question 53

what is phasic (rhythmic) contractions also known as

Answer 53

single unit smooth muscle

Question 54

how does urine go from kidneys to urinary bladder

Answer 54

through the rhythmic contractions; this happens several times a minute

Question 55

why are contractions slower in smooth muscle

Answer 55

because there is no t-tubules

Question 56

does smooth muscles need a nerve impulse

Answer 56

no

Question 57

can smooth muscle stretch

Answer 57

smooth muscle can stretch up to 270 percent more than skeletal muscle