Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology 225 > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

1
Q

what does the lateral fissure separate

A

parietal from temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why does the brain have so much surface area

A

because of the texture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is significant about the frontal eye field

A

movement of the eyes; they have to do the same thing at the same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is significant about the frontal lobe

A

motor control; higher level of functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is significant about the Broca’s area

A

speech is affected if area is damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is significant about the temporal lobe

A

involves things with patterns and sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is significant about the occipital lobe

A

it has everything to do with vision ; colors, patterns, characters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is significant about the Wernicke’s area

A

it brings everything/ lobe together in the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is significant about the parietal lobe

A

understands speech; allows us to read words to convey a message

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which lobe takes the longest to mature

A

the frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does the gustatory cortex allow for

A

it is associated with taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is half of the motor cortex in the brain dedicated to

A

the hands and feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what part of the brain is myleinated

A

the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what part of the brain is unmyelinated

A

cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

whats the purpose of the corpus callosum

A

it allows the left side of the brain to talk to the right side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which side of the brain is the dominant hemisphere for 90 percent of people

A

the left side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the non dominant side of the brain control

A

expressions, artistic ability, feelings, music , etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

if the non dominant side of the brain is affected, then what is affected the most

A

personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what does long term memory require

A

physical change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does short term memory require

A

an electrical circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the purpose of the hippocampus

A

it consolidates memories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

how long does long term (synaptic) potentiation take

A

2-3 days of repeated recall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what does the basal nuclei do

A

produces dopamine and interacts with motor areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

why is production of dopamine important

A

its important for preventing things from happening; it doesn’t cross the blood-brain barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what does the motor cortex control

A

all skeletal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the cerebellum involved with

A

coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

where is the basal nuclei located

A

deep within the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what’s the importance of the pineal gland

A

it is where melatonin comes from; it follows the circadian pattern; it secretes hormones’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

when do people make the most melatonin

A

in the winter which means we make less serotonin in the winter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what does a “shortage” of serotonin cause

A

depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is the purpose of the corpus callosum

A

communicating between the two halves of cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is the purpose of the choroid plexus

A

makes cerebral spinal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

whats the purpose of the thalamus

A

its a relay station; filters out unnecessary signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what is the purpose of the hypothalamus

A

it is involved with thirst and hunger, body temp regulation, and shivering; it also monitors the hydration state of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what’s the importance of the limbic system

A

it controls emotional responses and interprets information about odor ( odor brings about emotional response)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what does the limbic system include

A

parts of the frontal and temporal lobes plus the diencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

what’s the importance of the brainstem

A

it keeps you alive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

what is the purpose of the midbrain

A

reflex: following the noise ( we move our heads towards the object/person)

39
Q

what is the purpose of the pons

A

reflexes involved with respiration

40
Q

what is the purpose of the medulla oblongata

A

nerves here control blood pressure; its the nuts and bolts of respiration and it also stimulates the muscles of respiration

41
Q

what is a non vital reflex

A

sneezing, coughing, and vomiting

42
Q

what is the purpose of the reticular formation

A

it is involved in wakefulness, arousal and sleep. if these nerves are stimulated you stay awake; this area has to calm down in order to fall asleep

43
Q

why is there calorie conservation during sleep

A

because brain activity is so high

44
Q

what is the purpose of the cerebellum

A

coordination of skeletal muscles; muscle coordination like walking

45
Q

what part of the cerebrum is myelinated

A

the inside

46
Q

what part of the cerebrum is unmyelinated

A

the outside

47
Q

how do the two sides of the cerebellum communicate with each other

A

through the peduncles

48
Q

what are the peduncles important for

A

communication within the central nervous system

49
Q

what is the purpose of the longitudinal groove

A

divides the spinal cord from left and right

50
Q

what is the central canal filled with

A

cerebrospinal fluid

51
Q

white and gray matter? which is myelinated

A

white matter is myelinated

52
Q

purpose of the white matter

A

nerve pathways that run up and down the spinal cord

53
Q

can right side and left side of white matter communicate with each other

A

no

54
Q

can right side and left side of gray matter communicate with each other

A

yes

55
Q

monosynaptic somatic ?

A

there’s only one synapse, the effector muscle is skeletal

56
Q

polysynaptic somatic ?

A

has interneurons, and has at least two synapse; skeletal muscle

57
Q

what does S1 stand for

A

sacral nerve one; it exits at the top of the sacrum

58
Q

what does L5 stand for

A

lumbar vertebrae 5, last cell exiting

59
Q

which pathway in the spinal cord has two fibers

A

the autonomic pathway

60
Q

which fibers does the autonomic pathway have

A

preganglionic fiber and the post ganglionic fiber

61
Q

where are the nerve tracts of the spinal cord

A

running up and down the myelinated tracts

62
Q

what is the purpose of the descending tracts

A

carry motor sensory impulses from brain

63
Q

what is the purpose of the ascending tracts

A

carry sensory information to the brain

64
Q

in the motor pathway what crosses

A

some of the medulla oblongata crosses over

65
Q

definition of somatic

A

skeletal muscles

66
Q

definition of efferent

A

motor fibers; carry motor nerves away from central nervous system

67
Q

definition of afferent

A

goes towards central nervous system

68
Q

definition of visceral

A

internal organ

69
Q

what is the epineurium

A

bundles of nerves together

70
Q

definition of proprioception

A

the ability to get feedback from things; like swelling

71
Q

olfactory

A

sensory , taste

72
Q

optic

A

sensory, sight

73
Q

oculomotor

A

focusing vision, motor

74
Q

trochlear

A

controlling skeletal muscles, motor

75
Q

abducens

A

controlling skeletal muscles, motor

76
Q

trigeminal nerves

A

sensory; three divisions; ophthalmic division, maxillary division, mandibular division

77
Q

ophthalmic division

A

picking up things on skin, and around eyes

78
Q

maxillary division

A

upper teeth

79
Q

mandibular division

A

jaw, lower teeth; controls muscles of chewing

80
Q

abducens nerves

A

moving eyes

81
Q

facial nerves

A

controls position of mouth; any facial expression is controlled here

82
Q

how many cranial nerves are involved with taste

A

three

83
Q

vestibulocochlear nerves

A

100 percent sensory; vestibular branch and cochlear branch

84
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve

A

mixed; sensory - tongue and taste; motor - process of swallowing

85
Q

posterior and anterior branches of the spinal nerves are

A

motor and sensory nerves

86
Q

where does the visceral branch go to

A

the internal organs

87
Q

what happens at the plexuses

A

the individual nerves combine

88
Q

the phrenic nerve consists of

A

cervical spinal nerves 3-5, go to the diaphragm

89
Q

what is a ganglion

A

collection of nerve cell bodies

90
Q

what does cholinergic fibers do

A

secrete acetylcholine

91
Q

which neuron has long preganglionic fibers

A

parasympathetic neurons

92
Q

which neuron has long postganglionic fibers

A

sympathetic neurons

93
Q

what is dual innervation

A

two nerve supplies

94
Q

which organs dont have dual innervation

A

skin, blood vessels, adrenal gland, spleen

Anatomy and Physiology 225 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions