Lab Exercise 5: Head and Neck

Question 1

The muscle that inserts on the coronoid process and ramus of the mandible and acts to elevate the mandible is the

Answer 1

temporalis

Question 2

The large opening in the base of the skull where the spinal cord exits is called the

Answer 2

foramen magnum

Question 3

Based on their anatomy, the sutures of the skull are a type of ___ joint. The two sutures that follow body planes are the_____ and _____ sutures. Based on their degree of movement, these joints are ______

Answer 3

fibrous, sagittal, coronal, synarthrotic

Question 4

The muscle located in the buccal region that originates on the maxilla and mandible is the

Answer 4

buccinator

Question 5

The _______ is a feature of the skull because it cannot be viewed on any
individual bone in isolation

Answer 5

jugular foramen

Question 6

The circular muscle that acts to pucker the lips is the

Answer 6

orbicularis oris

Question 7

A depression or relatively deep pit in a bone is called a(n)

Answer 7

fossa

Question 8

The _______ of the temporal bone and the ______ of the zygomatic bone join together to form the______.

Answer 8

zygomatic process, temporal process, zygomatic arch

Question 9

The muscle group that raises the corner of the mouth (as when smiling) is the

Answer 9

zygomaticus group

Question 10

The joint between a tooth and its bony socket is specifically called a _____. When classified by its degree of movement, this joint is ____. When classified by its anatomy, this is a ______.

Answer 10

gomphosis joint, synarthrotic, fibrous joint

Question 11

Raising a body part is called _____ while lowering a body part is called ____. Both of these movements are possible at the temporomandibular joint.

Answer 11

elevation, depression

Question 12

Fetal and infant skulls have a membranous region called a(n)____ between certain cranial bones

Answer 12

fontanel

Question 13

When classifying bones by shape, all bones of the face are

Answer 13

irregular

Question 14

The anterior feature on the ramus of the mandible is the

Answer 14

coronoid process

Question 15

A “catch-all” term for a prominent projection on a bone is a(n)

Answer 15

process

Question 16

The muscle that originates on the zygomatic arch that acts to elevate the mandible is the

Answer 16

masseter

Question 17

A(n) _____ is an opening in a bone that serves as a passageway for blood vessels, nerves, and/or ligaments. An example of this feature in the sphenoid bone is the _______.

Answer 17

foramen, foramen ovale

Question 18

A feature of a bone described as a structure given off from another larger structure is a(n)

Answer 18

ramus

Question 19

Moving a part of the body forward is called _____. while moving a part of the body backward is called____. Both of these movements are possible at the joint between the mandibular condyle and the mandibular fossa.

Answer 19

protraction, retraction

Question 20

An interlocking line of union between bones is called a(n)_____.. The two that join the parietal, temporal, and occipital bones are the ____ and the
________.

Answer 20

suture, lambdoid, squamous

Question 21

Based on their shape, all the bones of the cranium are classified as

Answer 21

flat bones

Question 22

The joint between the mandible and temporal bone is specifically called a(n)____ joint. When classified by its degree of movement, this joint is_____. When classified by its anatomy, this is a ______ joint

Answer 22

modified hinge, diarthrotic, synovial

Question 23

The muscle that originates on the occipital bone and acts to raise the eyebrows is the

Answer 23

epicranius

Question 24

The bones in all fibrous joints are held together by

Answer 24

dense fibrous connective

Question 25

The foramina on the anterior surface of the mandible are the_____ foramina, and the foramina on the medial surfaces of the mandible are the ________ foramina.

Answer 25

mental , mandibular

Question 26

The circular muscle that acts to close the eye is the

Answer 26

orbicularis oculi

Question 27

A(n)_____ is a rounded process of a bone located at an articulation site.

Answer 27

condyle

Question 28

The ____ bone, which does not form a joint with any other bone, supports the tongue and is an
attachment point for muscles involved in swallowing.

Answer 28

hyoid

Question 29

The pair of muscles that, when contracting simultaneously, flex the neck as in prayer are the ___________ muscles. Individually these muscles act to turn the head to the side.

Answer 29

sternocleidomastoid

Question 30

The mandibular fossa and mandibular condyle are covered with a thin layer of ______ cartilage. This forms the articular cartilage typical of synovial joints and helps to minimize friction.

Answer 30

hyaline

Question 31

origin and insertion of the buccinator

Answer 31

origin: outer surfaces of maxilla and mandible
insertion: orbicularis oris muscle

Question 32

action of the buccinator

Answer 32

compresses cheeks inward as when blowing air out, retracts corner of mouth

Question 33

origin and insertion of the epicranius

Answer 33

origin: occipital bone
insertion: skin and muscles around eyebrows and above nose

Question 34

action of the epicranius

Answer 34

elevates eyebrows

Question 35

origin and insertion of the masseter

Answer 35

origin: zygomatic arch, maxilla
insertion: lateral surface of the mandible

Question 36

action of the masseter

Answer 36

elevates and protracts mandible

Question 37

origin and insertion of orbicularis oculi

Answer 37

origin: maxilla, frontal bone
insertion: skin around orbit of eye

Question 38

action of the orbicularis oculi

Answer 38

closes eye ( blinking)

Question 39

origin and insertion of orbicularis oris

Answer 39

origin: muscles near mouth, maxilla, mandible, nasal septum
insertion: skin of central lip

Question 40

action of the orbicularis oris

Answer 40

draws lips together (as in kissing)

Question 41

origin and insertion of the sternocleiodmastoid

Answer 41

origin: sternum, sternal end of clavicle
insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone

Question 42

action of the sternocleiodmastoid

Answer 42

individually: laterally flexes neck to the same side, rotate head to the opposite side
together: flex neck forward (bow head)

Question 43

origin and insertion of the temporalis

Answer 43

origin: temporal bone
insertion: coronoid process, ramus of mandible

Question 44

action of the temporalis

Answer 44

elevates and retracts mandible

Question 45

origin and insertion of the zygomaticus group

Answer 45

origin: zygomatic bone
insertion: orbicularis oris muscle

Question 46

action of the zygomaticus group

Answer 46

retracts and elevates corner of mouth (as when smiling)