Lab Exercise 5: Head and Neck Flashcards
The muscle that inserts on the coronoid process and ramus of the mandible and acts to elevate the mandible is the
temporalis
The large opening in the base of the skull where the spinal cord exits is called the
foramen magnum
Based on their anatomy, the sutures of the skull are a type of ___ joint. The two sutures that follow body planes are the_____ and _____ sutures. Based on their degree of movement, these joints are ______
fibrous, sagittal, coronal, synarthrotic
The muscle located in the buccal region that originates on the maxilla and mandible is the
buccinator
The _______ is a feature of the skull because it cannot be viewed on any
individual bone in isolation
jugular foramen
The circular muscle that acts to pucker the lips is the
orbicularis oris
A depression or relatively deep pit in a bone is called a(n)
fossa
The _______ of the temporal bone and the ______ of the zygomatic bone join together to form the______.
zygomatic process, temporal process, zygomatic arch
The muscle group that raises the corner of the mouth (as when smiling) is the
zygomaticus group
The joint between a tooth and its bony socket is specifically called a _____. When classified by its degree of movement, this joint is ____. When classified by its anatomy, this is a ______.
gomphosis joint, synarthrotic, fibrous joint
Raising a body part is called _____ while lowering a body part is called ____. Both of these movements are possible at the temporomandibular joint.
elevation, depression
Fetal and infant skulls have a membranous region called a(n)____ between certain cranial bones
fontanel
When classifying bones by shape, all bones of the face are
irregular
The anterior feature on the ramus of the mandible is the
coronoid process
A “catch-all” term for a prominent projection on a bone is a(n)
process
The muscle that originates on the zygomatic arch that acts to elevate the mandible is the
masseter
A(n) _____ is an opening in a bone that serves as a passageway for blood vessels, nerves, and/or ligaments. An example of this feature in the sphenoid bone is the _______.
foramen, foramen ovale
A feature of a bone described as a structure given off from another larger structure is a(n)
ramus
Moving a part of the body forward is called _____. while moving a part of the body backward is called____. Both of these movements are possible at the joint between the mandibular condyle and the mandibular fossa.
protraction, retraction
An interlocking line of union between bones is called a(n)_____.. The two that join the parietal, temporal, and occipital bones are the ____ and the
________.
suture, lambdoid, squamous
Based on their shape, all the bones of the cranium are classified as
flat bones
The joint between the mandible and temporal bone is specifically called a(n)____ joint. When classified by its degree of movement, this joint is_____. When classified by its anatomy, this is a ______ joint
modified hinge, diarthrotic, synovial
The muscle that originates on the occipital bone and acts to raise the eyebrows is the
epicranius
The bones in all fibrous joints are held together by
dense fibrous connective
The foramina on the anterior surface of the mandible are the_____ foramina, and the foramina on the medial surfaces of the mandible are the ________ foramina.
mental , mandibular
The circular muscle that acts to close the eye is the
orbicularis oculi
A(n)_____ is a rounded process of a bone located at an articulation site.
condyle
The ____ bone, which does not form a joint with any other bone, supports the tongue and is an
attachment point for muscles involved in swallowing.
hyoid
The pair of muscles that, when contracting simultaneously, flex the neck as in prayer are the ___________ muscles. Individually these muscles act to turn the head to the side.
sternocleidomastoid
The mandibular fossa and mandibular condyle are covered with a thin layer of ______ cartilage. This forms the articular cartilage typical of synovial joints and helps to minimize friction.
hyaline
origin and insertion of the buccinator
origin: outer surfaces of maxilla and mandible
insertion: orbicularis oris muscle
action of the buccinator
compresses cheeks inward as when blowing air out, retracts corner of mouth
origin and insertion of the epicranius
origin: occipital bone
insertion: skin and muscles around eyebrows and above nose
action of the epicranius
elevates eyebrows
origin and insertion of the masseter
origin: zygomatic arch, maxilla
insertion: lateral surface of the mandible
action of the masseter
elevates and protracts mandible
origin and insertion of orbicularis oculi
origin: maxilla, frontal bone
insertion: skin around orbit of eye
action of the orbicularis oculi
closes eye ( blinking)
origin and insertion of orbicularis oris
origin: muscles near mouth, maxilla, mandible, nasal septum
insertion: skin of central lip
action of the orbicularis oris
draws lips together (as in kissing)
origin and insertion of the sternocleiodmastoid
origin: sternum, sternal end of clavicle
insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone
action of the sternocleiodmastoid
individually: laterally flexes neck to the same side, rotate head to the opposite side
together: flex neck forward (bow head)
origin and insertion of the temporalis
origin: temporal bone
insertion: coronoid process, ramus of mandible
action of the temporalis
elevates and retracts mandible
origin and insertion of the zygomaticus group
origin: zygomatic bone
insertion: orbicularis oris muscle
action of the zygomaticus group
retracts and elevates corner of mouth (as when smiling)
