Muscles of the posterior forearm Flashcards

1
Q

What is brachioradialis?

What innervates it?

A

The only flexor in the posterior compartment of the forearm

Radial nerve

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2
Q

What are the actions of the brachioradialis?

What are its functions?

A

originates from the proximal aspect of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, attaches to the distal end radius just before the radial styloid process

Flexor of the elbow

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3
Q

What is extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

What innervates them?

A

Two muscles that are situated superfically in the posterior forearm

Radial nerve

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4
Q

What are the attachments of extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis?

What are their functions?

A

ERCL originates from supracondylar rudge
ERCB originates from lateral epicondyle
Tendons attach to metacarpal bones II and III

Extension and abduction of the wrist

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5
Q

What is extensor digitorum

What innervates it?

A

Superficial muscle in the posterior compartment of the froearm

Radial nerve (deep branch)

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6
Q

What are the attachments of extensor digitorum?

What is its function?

A

Originates from lateral epicondyle and cotinues into distal part of forearm where it splits into four and inserts into the extensor hood of each finger

Main extensor of the fingers, extends medial four fingers at the MCP and IP joints

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7
Q

What is the extensor digiti minimi

What innervates it?

A

Superficial muscle of the posterior compartment of the arm, lies medially to the extensor digitorum

Radial nerve (deep branch)

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8
Q

What are the attachments of extensor digiti minimi

What are its function?

A

Originates from lateral epicondyle, attaches with extensor digitorum tendon into the extensor hood of the wrist

Extends little finger and contributes to the extension at the wrist

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9
Q

What is the extensor carpi ulnaris?

What innervates it?

A

Superficial muscle on the medial aspect of the posterior forearm.

Radial nerve (deep branch)

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10
Q

What are the attachments of extensor carpi ulnaris?

What are its functions?

A

Originates from lateral epicondyle, attaches to the base of metacarpal 5

Extension and adduction of the wrist

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11
Q

What is aconeus?

What innervates it?

A

Situated medially and superiorly in the extensor compartment of the foreaarm

Radial nerve

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12
Q

What are the attchments of aconeus?

What are its functions

A

Originates from lateral epicondyle and attaches to the posterior and lateral aspects of the olecranon

Extends and stabilises the elbow joint. Abducts the ulna during pronation of the forearm

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13
Q

What is lateral epicondylitis?

A

Tennis elbow- inflammation of the periosteum of the lateral epicondyle.

It is caused by repeated use of the uperficial extensor muscles which strains their common tendinous attachment

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14
Q

What is the supinator?

What innervates it?

A

Lies in the floor of the cubital fossa it is a deep muscle of the posterior arm. The radial nerve passes between its two heads

Radial nerve (deep branch)

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15
Q

What are the attachments of the supinator?

What is its function?

A

Two heads of origin. One originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus adn the other from the posterior surface of the ulna. They insert together in the posterior surface of the radius.

Supinates the forearm

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16
Q

What is abductor pollicus longus?

What innervates it?

A

Situated immediately distal to the supinator it is a deep tendon in the posterior compartment of the arm.It contributes to the lateral border of the snuffbox

Radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch)

17
Q

What are the attachments of abductor pollicus longus?

What is its function?

A

Originates from the intraaossoues membrane and the adjacent posterior surfaces of the radius and ulna. It attaches to the lateral side of the base of metacarpal I

It abducts the thumb

18
Q

What is extensor pollicus brevis?

What innervates it?

A

Contributing to the lateral border of the anatomical snuffbox it is found medially and deep to extensor pollicus brevis.

Radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch)

19
Q

What are the attachments of extensor pollicus brevis?

What are its functions?

A

Originates from the posterior surface of the radius and the interosseous membrane. It attaches to the base of the proximal phalynx in the thumb

Extends at the metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joints of the thumb

20
Q

What is extensor pollicus longus?

What innervates it?

A

A deep muscle found in the posterior comaprtment in the arm. It uses the dorsal tubercle as a pulley to increase force exerted. Forms medial border of anatomical snuffbox

Radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch)

21
Q

What are the attachments of extensor pollicus longus?

What are its functions?

A

Originates from the posterior surface of the ulna and the interosseous membrane. Travels medially to dorsal tubercle adn attaches at distal phalanx of thumb.

Extends all joints of the thumb:carpometacarpal , MCP, ICP

22
Q

What is extensor indicus proprius

What innervates it?

A

Deep muscle of the posterior compartment allowing fro independent flexion of the index finger

Radial nerve (posterior interosseous branch)

23
Q

What are the attachments of extensor indicus proprius

What are its functions?

A

Originates from posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane, attaches to extensor hood of the index finger

Extend the index finger