Muscles of the Crus and Pes Flashcards
Cranial tibial m.
O: Lateral edge of the cranial border of the tibia
I: Proximal plantar aspect of the base of metatarsals I and II
N: Deep fibular/peroneal n.
A: Flex the tarsus; supination
Long digital extensor m.
O: Extensor fossa of the femur; tendon courses through extensor groove of tibia
I: Extensor process of the distal phalanx of digits 2-5
N: Deep fibular/peroneal n.
A: Flex the tarsus; extend digits 2-5
Fibularis (peroneus) longus m.
O: Lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal fibula, lateral collateral ligament of stifle
I: Plantar aspect of base of metatarsals, 4th tarsal bone
N: Deep fibular/peroneal n.
A: Flex the tarsus, pronation
Lateral digital extensor m.
O: Proximal fibula
I: Joins the long digital extensor tendon coursing to digit 5
N: Superficial fibular/peroneal n.
A: Flex the tarsus, extend and abduct digit 5
Fibularis (peroneus) brevis m.
O: Distal fibula, lateral tibia
I: Proximal end of metatarsal V
N: Superficial fibular/peroneal n.
A: Flex the tarsus
Gastrocnemius m.
O: Medial head - medial supracondylar tuberosity of femur, sesamoid bone located w/in tendon of origin
Lateral head - lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur; sesamoid bone located w/in tendon of origin
I: Tuber calcanei - main component of common calcaneal tendon
N: Tibial n.
A: Flex stifle, extend tarsus
Superficial digital flexor m.
O: Lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur
I: Tuber calcanei; proximal plantar aspect of middle phalanx of digits 2-5
N: Tibial n.
A: Flex stifle, extend tarsus, flex metatarsophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5
Deep digital flexor m.
O: Lateral head - caudolateral border of the proximal tibia, proximal fibula
Medial head - proximal caudal tibia
I: Flexor process of distal phalanx of digits 2-5
N: Tibial n.
A: Extend tarsus; flex digits 2-5
Lateral head courses through flexor canal, joins with medial head distal to tarsus
Popliteus m.
O: Fossa for popliteus m. on lateral condyle of femur
I: Proximal caudal surface of tibia
N: Tibial n.
A: Rotate the crus medially, flex the stifle
Soleus m.
O: Proximal fibula
I: Common calcaneal tendon
N: Tibial n.
A: Extend the tarsus
Not present in dogs
Short digital extensor m.
O: Calcaneus and flexor surface of tarsus
I: Digits 2, 3, and 4 via long digital extensor tendons
N: Deep fibular n.
A: Extend the digits
Dorsal surface of pes; 3 heads
Muscles of plantar surface of pes
Short digital flexor mm. - poorly developed in dog, well developed in cats; located plantar to superficial digital flexor tendons
Interossei mm. - associated with plantar sesamoids; from proximals MT’s II-V and jt. capsule to proximal PI and long digital extensor tendons
Innervated by tibial n.
Flexor canal
On plantar surface of tarsus medial to calcaneus; covered by flexor retinaculum. Structures that course through flexor canal:
-Tendon of lateral head of DDF
-Tibial n. (medial and lateral plantar nn.)
-Saphenous a., caudal br.
-Medial saphenous v., caudal br.
-Lymphatics
Craniolateral muscles of crus
-Cranial tibial m.
-Long digital extensor m.
-Fibularis longus m.
-Lateral digital extensor m.
-Fibularis brevis m.
-Short digital extensor m.
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Caudal muscles of crus
-Gastrocnemius m. (lateral and medial heads)
-SDF
-DDF (lateral and medial heads/lateral digital flexor m. and medial digital flexor m.)
-Popliteus m.
