Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross Anatomy > Facial Muscles, Eyelids and Ears > Flashcards

Facial Muscles, Eyelids and Ears Flashcards

1
Q

Facial muscles

A

Muscles involved with facial expression
Different from muscles of mastication which raise and lower jaw
Innervated by cranial nerve VII - Facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Somatic muscles

A

Develop from somites
-Extrinsic eye muscles
-Tongue muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Visceral muscles

A

Develop from pharyngeal arches
-Muscles of facial expression
-Other muscles of the face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Facial nerve

A

Exits skull caudal to external acoustic meatus through stylomastoid foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Platysma m.

A

Cutaneous muscle
Innervated by dorsal and ventral buccal brs. and caudal auricular br. of facial n.
Draws commissure of lips caudally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Orbicularis oris m.

A

Located along free border of lips around angle of the mouth
N: dorsal and ventral buccal brs. of facial n.
A: Close mouth opening
Pull nose downward during sniffing
Dilates nostril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Buccinator m.

A

Forms foundation of cheek; located deep to platysma and partly deep to orbicularis oris m.
N: Dorsal and ventral buccal brs. of facial n.
A: Move food from vestibule to masticatory surface of teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Levator nasolabialis m.

A

Naso - nose, labia - upper lip
N: Auriculopalpebral br. of facial n.
A: Dilate nostril and raise upper lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Zygomaticus m.

A

N: Auriculopalpebral br. of facial n.
A: Draw commissure of mouth dorsocaudally
Draw scutiform cartilage and ear rostrally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Parotidoauricularis m.

A

N: Facial n.
A: Depress the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Components of the eyelid

A

Palpebra (superior and inferior)
Palpebral fissure
-Opening between palpebrae
Commissure (medial and lateral)
-Corners
Lacrimal caruncle
-Triangular prominent structure located at medial angle of the eye; color usually relates to color of animal
Palpebral ligaments
-Medial attaches medial palpebral commissure to frontal bone
-Lateral attaches lateral palpebral commissure to zygomatic bone
Eyelashes
-Cilia present of superior palpebra but absent or few on inferior palpebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tarsal (meibomian) glands

A

Modified sebaceous glands that open at eyelid margin
Secrete lipids as part of superficial layer of tear film
Better developed in upper eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lacrimal gland

A

Located dorsolateral to the eye
Produces aqueous portion of tears
Innervated by facial n. (parasympathetic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Superficial gland of the third eyelid

A

Located ventromedial to the eye
Produces aqueous portion of tears
Innervated by facial m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tear film

A

Superficial layer
-Lipids secreted by tarsal glands and ciliary glands located in palpebrae
-Limits evaporation of underlying aqueous layer
Middle aqueous layer
-Watery substance from lacrimal gland and superficial gland of third eyelid
-Flushes foreign material from conjunctival sac and lubricates palpebral/corneal interfaces
Inner mucoid layer
-Mucoprotein secretion from conjunctival cells
-Located between aqueous layer and cornea
-Binds aqueous film to cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Third eyelid and gland

A

AKA plica semilunaris/nictitating membrane
Composed of fold of palpebral conjunctiva and T shaped piece of cartilage
Lymphoid tissue located on medial surface
Superficial gland surrounds ventral portion of third eyelid

17
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Mucous membrane
Composed of:
-Palpebral conjunctiva - covers inner surface of palpebrae
-Bulbar conjunctiva - covers rostral part of sclera and is continuous with outer layer of cornea substantia propria

18
Q

Aqueous tear flow

A

Lacrimal gland -> conjunctival sac -> over anterior surface of eye -> lacrimal lake -> superior/inferior lacrimal puncta -> superior and inferior ducts (canaliculi) -> lacrimal sac (within lacrimal fossa) -> nasal vestibule via nasolacrimal ducts

19
Q

Nasolacrimal duct

A

Begins at lacrimal sac in lacrimal fossa
Courses through osseous nasolacrimal canal of lacrimal and maxillary bones
Courses deep to nasal mucosa and ends in nasal vestibule on ventral aspect of alar fold

20
Q

Orbicularis oris m.

A

Muscle of the eyelid
Encircles the eye
Closes palpebral fissure

21
Q

Retractor anguli oculi lateralis m.

A

Muscle of the eylid
Covers lateral palebral ligament
Retracts the lateral angle of eye caudally (squinting)

22
Q

Levator anguli oculi medialis m.

A

Muscle of the eyelid
Located dorsomedial to eye
Raises the eyelid

23
Q

External ear

A

Auricle
-AKA pinna or ear flap
-Free part of the ear
Ear canal (external acoustic meatus)
-Mostly cartilaginous
-Two parts: vertical and horizontal

24
Q

Cartilage of the external ear

A

Auricular cartilage
-Funnel shaped
-Forms vertical ear canal and part of horizontal ear canal

Annular cartilage
-Located between auricular cartilage and ear canal
-Forms terminal part of horizontal ear canal

Scutiform cartilage
-Small cartilaginous plate located in muscles rostral and medial to ear

25
Q

Structures of external ear

A

Helix - Curved margins of auricular surface
Anthelix - Transverse ridge on inner aspect of auricle
Marginal cutaneous sac - Skin pouch
Tragus - Thick part of auricular cartilage located laterally
Antitragus - Ridge of cartilage located caudal to tragus
Intertragic incisure - Groove between tragus and antitragus
Pretragic incisure - Groove located rostral to tragus

26
Q

Tympanic membrane (ear drum)

A

Located between external ear canal and middle ear
Part of malleus is fixed to tympanic membrane

27
Q

Middle ear

A

Consists of tympanic cavity located in temporal bone
Tympanic cavity has small, dorsal epitympanic recess and large, ventral tympanic bulla
Location of auditory ossicles which transmit and amplify air vibrations from tympanic membrane to inner ear
Internal auditory (Eustachian) tube connects typmanic cavity with nasopharynx
Filled with air

28
Q

Muscles of the middle ear

A

Tensor tympani m. - attaches to malleus
Stapedius muscle - attaches to stapes, smallest muscle in body

Aid in movements of tympanic membrane and auditory ossicles

29
Q

Inner ear

A

Located within petrous portion of temporal bone
The semicircular canals and vestibule are cavities in petrous temporal bone - involved in vestibular system (organ of balance)
Cochlea - cavitiy in petrous temporal bone taht contains membranous cochlear duct; involved in hearing
Inner ear contains fluid (perilymph and endolymph)

30
Q

Circumoral glands in cats

A

Large sebaceous glands around mouth, more numerous on lower lip
Secretions used for scent marking

Gross Anatomy (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions