Thoracic Walls and Organs

Question 1

Diaphragm

Answer 1

Located between thoracic and abdominal cavities
Extends cranially to 6th or 7th rib

Question 2

Mediastinum

Answer 2

Median partition in thorax formed by connective tissue and covered by pleura
Contains heart, trachea, esophagus, lymph nodes, thymus, vessels, and nerves

Question 3

Thymus

Answer 3

Glandular structure located in mediastinum between thoracic inlet and pericardium
Function: train immunologically incompetent T-cells

Question 4

Esophagus

Answer 4

Courses from laryngopharynx to the stomach through the neck and thorax
In cervical region: initially located dorsal to trachea, is located further to the left coursing through the neck
In thoracic region: initially located to the left of the trachea, becomes located dorsal as it courses caudally

Question 5

Visceral pleura

Answer 5

Pulmonary pleura

Question 6

Parietal pleura

Answer 6

Costal pleura
Diaphragmatic pleura
Mediastinal pleura

Question 7

Left lung lobes

Answer 7

Cranial lobe (cranial and caudal parts)
Caudal lobe
Aortic impression
Diaphragmatic surface

Question 8

Right lung lobes

Answer 8

Cranial, caudal, middle, accessory lobes
Cardiac notch
Caudal vena cava groove (accessory lobe)
Cardiac impression
Diaphragmatic impression

Question 9

Pulmonary ligament

Answer 9

Connects caudal lung lobes to mediastinum for stabilization

Question 10

Auscultation and percussion area of the lungs

Answer 10

Cranial extent - 5th rib, caudal border of triceps brachii m.
Dorsal extent - lateral margin of epaxial muscles
Caudal extent - basal (caudal) border of the lungs