Muscles of facial expression

Question 1

Where are the muscles of facial expression found?

Answer 1

In the superficial fascia

Question 2

What are the primary functions of spinchers and dilators?

Answer 2

Ability to contract and dilate muscles in the face

Question 3

What are the 4 regions of muscles of facial expression ?

Answer 3

• epicranial
• circumorbital and palpebral
• nasal
• buccolabial

Question 4

What is the vermillion border and what is its main feature?

Answer 4

• From skin and border of mouth

- highly vascular

Question 5

What gives the cheek its shape?

Answer 5

Buccal (cheek) fat pad found deep under muscles

Question 6

What do epicranial muscles do?

Answer 6

Raises eyebrows and allows movement of the scalp on the skull

Question 7

What connects frontalis m. and occipitalis m.

Answer 7

The epicranial aponeurosis

Question 8

What do circumorbital and palpebral muscles do?

Answer 8

Help close eyes and allows you to bring down your eyebrows when frowning

Question 9

What are the 2 parts of orbiculares oculi and what are their function?

Answer 9

• orbital part- close eye as the fibres wrap round the eye and help bring eyebrows down
• palpebral part-runs over the eyelid and allows you to close eye gently and keep fluid in your eyes

Question 10

Where is the corrugator supercilli located?

Answer 10

-above the eyelid

Question 11

What are the 2 parts of the nasalis?

Answer 11

• transverse part ( across the nose)

- alar part (wings of nostrils)

Question 12

What does the procerus do?

Answer 12

Cause wrinkles between the eyes

Question 13

What is the function of the levator labii superioris plaque nasi?

Answer 13

It elevates the lip , pulling the lip superiorly and dilate the nose

Question 14

What are the buccolabial muscles on the upper half of the face?

Answer 14

• levator labii superioris plaque nasi
• levator labii superioris
• zygomaticus minor
• zygomaticus major
• levator anguli oris

Question 15

What are the buccolabial muscles on the lower half of the face?

Answer 15

• Buccinator
• orbicularis oris
• depressor anguli oris
• depressor labii inferioris
• mentalis

Question 16

Where do the buccolabial muscles converge and what is this important for?

Answer 16

The modilous at the lateral aspect of the mouth and is important for swallowing and speaking

Question 17

What is the pterygomndibular raphe to?

Answer 17

Connection between two muscles and forms a stable line from the hamulus to the mandible

Question 18

What are the 5 layers of the scalp?

Answer 18

• skin
• connective tissue
• aponeurosis
• loose connective layer
• pericranium

Question 19

What is the highly vascularised layer of the scalp?

Answer 19

connective tissue layer

Question 20

What are all the muscles of facial expression inverted by?

Answer 20

Facial nerve (Cranial nerve VII)

Question 21

Where does the facial cranial nerve originate and whats it route?

Answer 21

Originates from the brainstem in the pons/medulla and passes through the internal acoustic meatuse and comes out at the stylomastoid foramen

Question 22

What are the 6 branches of the facial nerve (CN VII)?

Answer 22

• temporal
• zygomatic
• buccal
• mandibular
• cervical
• posterior auricular

Question 23

What artery does the facial artery branch off of?

Answer 23

The external carotid artery

Question 24

Name the facial veins

Answer 24

• common facial vein
• deep facial vein
• superior and inferior ophthalmic veins

Question 25

What is the cavernous sinus?

Answer 25

Collection of venous vesicles that surrounds the pituitary gland and drain to ptergoid venous plexus

Question 26

Where does the pterygoid venous plexus empty into?

Answer 26

Maxillary vein

Question 27

What is special about the facial vein?

Answer 27

It has no valves so it has bidirectional blood flow

Question 28

What is the danger of infection in the danger triangle?

Answer 28

Can drain into cavernous sinus and affect brain

Question 29

What do superficial lymphatics follow?

Answer 29

Veins

Question 30

What do deep lymphatics follow?

Answer 30

Arteries