Muscle Chart: Superficial Back

Question 1

Levator Scapula Movements

Answer 1

• Rotation and side bend of neck to ipsilateral (same) side
• Elevation of scapula
• Downward rotation

Question 2

Trapezius

Origin, insertion, innervation, blood supply

Answer 2

• Origin: External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament, and spinal process of C7 through T12
• Insertion: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
• Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (C3, C4)
• Blood supply: Transverse cervical artery and some from suprascapular artery

Question 3

Rhomboid Minor

Origin, insertion, innervation, blood supply

Answer 3

• Origin: Spinous processes of C7 to T1
• Insertion: Medial border of the scapula
• Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)
• Blood Supply: Dorsal scapular artery (deep transverse cervical)

Question 4

Serratus Posterior Superior Movements

Answer 4

• Elevate ribs during inhalation; most likely a proprioceptor

Question 5

Rhomboid Major

Origin, insertion, innervation, blood supply

Answer 5

• Origin: Spinous processes of T2 to T5
• Insertion: Medial border of scapula between spine and inferior angle
• Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5) (same as r minor)
• Blood Supply: Dorsal scapular artery (same as r minor)

Question 6

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Origin, insertion, innervation, blood supply

Answer 6

• Origin: Spinous processes of T12 to L3
• Insertion: Posterior surface of ribs 9-12
• Innervation: T9, 10, 11, 12
• Blood Supply: Intercostal Arteries

Question 7

Latissimus Dorsi Movements

Answer 7

• Extend,
• Adduct,
• and medially rotate the glenohumeral joint

Question 8

What is the nickname for Rhomboids? Why?

Answer 8

75 cents The Rhomboid Major is 25 cents of the 75 cents (T2, T5)

Question 9

Levator Scapula

Origin, insertion, innervation, blood supply

Answer 9

• Origin: Transverse processes of the C1, 2, 3, and 4
• Insertion: Medial border of scapula and superior angle
• Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C3, C4)
• Blood Supply: Dorsal scapular artery (same as rhomboids!)

Question 10

Serratus Posterior Inferior Movements

Answer 10

• Depress ribs during exhalation

Question 11

Trapezius Movements

Answer 11

1. Upper Fibers: Head and neck extension; lateral flexion of head and neck toward ipsilateral (same) side; rotation of head and neck toward contralateral (opposite) side; elevate scapula; assist with upward rotation of scapula
2. Middle Fibers: Adduct/retract scapula; assist with upward rotation of the scapula
3. Lower Fibers: Depress scapula; assist with upward rotation

Question 12

Rhomboid Major and Minor Movements

Answer 12

• Adduct,
• Elevate
• Downwardly rotate the scapula

Question 13

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin, insertion, innervation, blood supply

Answer 13

• Origin: Inferior angle of scapula, spinous process of the last six thoracic (T) vertebrae, last three-to-four ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest
• Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus
• Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, 7, 8) Blood Supply: Thoracodorsal artery

Question 14

Serratus Posterior Superior

Origin, insertion, innervation, blood supply

Answer 14

• Origin: Spinous processes of C7 to T3
• Insertion: Posterior surface of ribs 2-5
• Innervation: T1, 2, 3, 4
• Blood Supply: Intercostal arteries