Muscle Chart: Muscles Of The Anterior Neck

Question 1

Longus Capitis Movements

Answer 1

• Unilaterally: Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side;
• rotate head and neck to the same side
• Bilaterally: Flex the head and neck

Question 2

Anterior Scalene Movements

Answer 2

• Bilaterally: Assists with neck flexion
• Unilaterally: Laterally flex head and neck to same side, rotate head to opposite side
• Bilaterally: Elevate 1st rib during inhalation

Question 3

Posterior Scalene Movements

Answer 3

• Unilaterally: Laterally flexes head to same side and rotates to opposite side
• Bilaterally: Elevate 2nd rib during inhalation

Question 4

Posterior Scalene

Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Blood Supply

Answer 4

• Origin: Transverse processes of C6, C7
• Insertion: 2nd rib
• Innervation: C (3) 4-8
• Blood Supply: Inferior thyroid artery (branch from thyrocervical trunk — same as anterior scalene)

Question 5

Anterior Scalene

Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Blood Supply

Answer 5

• Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C6 (anterior tubercles)
• Insertion: 1st rib
• Innervation: C(3) 4-8
• Blood Supply: Inferior thyroid artery (branch from thyrocervical trunk)

Question 6

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Blood Supply

Answer 6

• Origin: Mastoid process of temporal bone, superior nuchal line of occiput
• Insertion:
  
  • Sternal head = top of manubrium;
  • Clavicular head = medial 1/3 of clavicle
• Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (C1, 2, 3)
• Blood Supply: Superior thyroid artery branch from the external carotid artery

Question 7

Longus Colli Movements

Answer 7

• Unilaterally: Lateral flexion of the head and neck to same side; rotate head and neck to the same side
• Bilaterally: Flex the head and neck

Question 8

Platysma Movements

Answer 8

• Assists in depressing mandible,
• draws down the corners of the mouth,
• tightens neck fascia

Question 9

Longus Colli

Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Blood Supply

Answer 9

• Origin: Bodies of C5 through T3, transverse processes of C3, C5
• Insertion: Tubercle on anterior arch of atlas; bodies of the axis; C3 and C4; transverse processes of C5 and C6
• Innervation: C2 to C6 (7)
• Blood Supply: Inferior thyroid artery

Question 10

Sternocleidomastoid Movements

Answer 10

• Unilateral contraction: Laterally flexes the head to the same side and rotates the head to the opposite side
• Bilateral contraction: Flexes the neck, assists to elevate the rib cage during inhalation

Question 11

Longus Capitis

Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Blood Supply

Answer 11

• Origin: Transverse processes of C3 to C6
• Insertion: Inferior surface of occiput
• Innervation: C1, C2, C3 (4)
• Blood Supply: Inferior thyroid artery

Question 12

Middle Scalene

Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Blood Supply

Answer 12

• Origin: Transverse processes of C2-7
• Insertion: Rib 1
• Innervation: C(3) 4-8
• Blood Supply: Inferior thyroid artery (branch from thyrocervical trunk - same as other scalene muscles)

Question 13

Middle Scalene Movements

Answer 13

• Unilaterally: laterally flex head to the side, rotate head to opposite side
• Bilaterally: Elevate 1st rib during inhalation

Question 14

Levator Scapulae

Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Blood Supply

Answer 14

• Origin: Transverse processes of C1-C4
• Insertion: Medial border of the scapula between the superior angle and the superior portion of the spine of the scapula
• Innervation: Cervical 3-4 and Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4, 5)
• Blood Supply: Dorsal scapular artery (deep branch of transverse cervical artery)

Question 15

Platysma

Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Blood Supply

Answer 15

• Origin: Base of mandible, skin of lower part of the face
• Insertion: Fascia covering superior part of the pectoralis major
• Innervation: Facial nerve (CX VII)
• Blood Supply: Facial artery