MT6313 RA7170 & RA9288 Flashcards
What RA is Newborn Screening Act of 2004?
RA 9288
procedure to find out if a baby has a congenital disorder that may lead to mental retardation or even death if left untreated.
Newborn Screening (NBS)
Why is Newborn Screening (NBS) important?
Most babies with metabolic disorders look “normal” at birth. By doing NBS, metabolic disorders may be detected even before clinical signs and symptoms are present. As a result of this, treatment can be given early to prevent consequences of untreated conditions.
What are some of the inborn errors of metabolism?
Organic Acid Disorders
Endocrine DIsorders
Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorder
Hemoglobinopathies
Urea Cycle Defect
Amino Acid Disorders
What was integrated as part of the country’s public health delivery system with the enactment of the Republic Act no. 9288 otherwise known as Newborn Screening Act of 2004?
The Comprehensive Newborn Screening (NBS) Program
________ acts as the lead agency in the implementation of the law and collaborates with _______ to ensure early detection and management of several congenital metabolic disorders.
The Department of Health (DOH)
other National Government Agencies (NGA) and key stakeholders
Newborn screening program in the Philippines currently includes screening of six disorders, which are?
- congenital hypothyroidism (CH)
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
- phenylketonuria (PKU)
- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
- galactosemia (GAL)
- maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)
POLICIES AND LAWS in RA7170?
▪ Republic Act No. 9288 or the Newborn Screening Act of 2004
▪ Administrative Order No. 2018-0025: National Policy and Strategic Framework on Expanded Newborn Screening for 2017-2030
▪ Administrative Order No. 2014-0045 or the Guidelines on the Implementation of the Expanded Newborn Screening Program
The expanded screening will include 22 more disorders, some of which are?
▪ hemoglobinopathies and
▪ additional metabolic disorders, namely, organic acid, fatty acid oxidation, and amino acid disorders.
The RA 9288 defines the establishment and accreditation of?
Newborn Screening Centers (NSC).
What are the six operational NSCs in the country?
NIH at the University of the Philippines Manila
Visayas located at West Visayas State University Medical Center, Iloilo City
Mindanao located at the Southern Philippines Medical Center, Davao City
Central Luzon in Angeles City, Pampanga (Angeles University Foundation & Medical Center)
Southern Luzon in Tanauan City, Batangas (Daniel Mercado Medical Center)
Northern Luzon in Batac City, Ilocos Norte (Mariano Marcos Memorial Hospital & Medical Center)
When is NBS done?
ideally done immediately after 24 hours from birth
How is NBS done?
A few drops of blood are taken from the baby’s heel, blotted on a special absorbent filter card and then sent to Newborn Screening Center (NSC).
Who will collect the sample for NBS?
physician, nurse, medical technologist or trained midwife.
What proclamation was associated with Declaring the 1st Week of October of Each Year as “National Newborn Screening Week”?
Proclamation No. 540 dated January 20, 2004
When is “National Newborn Screening Week”?
1st Week of October
Proclamation No. 540 dated January 20, 2004 was approved by?
President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
How many sections in 9288?
19
9288 approved by? And on?
President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
April 7, 2004
RA 9288 title?
“Newborn Screening Act of 2004“
Section 2 of 9228 is?
❑ Section 2 – Declaration of Policy
What is the Declaration of Policy of 9288?
State shall institutionalize a national newborn screening system that is comprehensive, integrative and sustainable, and will facilitate collaboration among government and non-government agencies at the national and local levels, the private sector, families and communities, professional health organizations, academic institutions, and non-governmental organizations.
National Newborn Screening System shall ensure that every baby born in the Philippines is offered the opportunity to undergo newborn screening and thus be spared from heritable conditions that can lead to mental retardation and death if undetected and untreated.
What is the title of section 3 of 9288?
Objectives
What are the objectives of 9288?
- To ensure that every newborn has access to newborn screening for certain heritable conditions that can result in mental retardation, serious health complications or death if left undetected and untreated
- To establish and integrate a sustainable newborn screening system within the public health delivery system
- To ensure that all health practitioners are aware of the advantages of newborn screening and of their respective responsibilities in offering newborns the opportunity to undergo newborn screening; and
- To ensure that parents recognize their responsibility in promoting their child’s right to health and full development, within the context of responsible parenthood, by protecting their child from preventable causes of disability and death through newborn screening.
What is section 4 title of 9288?
Definition
What is section 5 title of 9288?
Obligation to Inform
What is the Obligation to Inform?
Any health practitioner who delivers, or assists in the delivery, of a newborn in the Philippines shall, prior to delivery, inform the parents or legal guardian of the newborn of the availability, nature and benefits of newborn screening
What is section 6 title of 9288?
Performance of Newborn Screening
NBS shall be performed after _____ of life but not later than ________ of the newborn
twenty-four (24) hours
three (3) days from complete delivery
_____________ in order to ensure survival may be exempted from the 3-day requirement but must be tested by ________ of age.
Newborn that must be placed in intensive care
seven (7) days of age
What is needed to ensure that newborn screening is performed?
joint responsibility of the parent(s) and the practitioner or other person delivering the newborn
What is the title of section 7 of 9288?
Refusal to be Tested
T or F: A parent or legal guardian may refuse testing
T
When can a parent or legal guardian refuse testing?
on the grounds of religious beliefs
How should parents who refuse testing acknowledge their understanding that refusal for testing places their newborn at risk for undiagnosed heritable conditions?
In writing
What is the title of section 8 of 9288?
Continuing Education, Re-education and Training Health Personnel
The DOH, with the assistance of the NIH and other
government agencies, professional societies and non-
government organizations, shall?
- conduct continuing information, education, re-education and training programs for health personnel on the rationale, benefits, procedures of newborn screening; and
- disseminate information materials on newborn screening at least annually to all health personnel involved in material and pediatric care
What is the title of section 9 of 9288?
Licensing and Accreditation
Who shall require health institutions to provide newborn screening services as a condition for licensure or accreditation?
The DOH and the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation
What is the title of section 10 of 9288?
Lead Agency
Who is the lead agency in implementing RA 9288?
DOH
For purposes of achieving the objectives of this RA 9288, the DOH shall?
- Establish the Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening
- Develop the implementing rules and regulations for the immediate implementation of a nationwide newborn screening program within one hundred eighty (180) days from the enactment of this Act;
- Coordinate with the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) for implementation of the newborn screening program;
- Coordinate with the NIH Newborn Screening Reference Center for the accreditation of Newborn Screening Centers and preparation of defined testing protocols and quality assurance programs.
What is the title of section 11 of 9288?
Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening
What is the purpose of the Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening?
To ensure sustained inter-agency collaboration, the Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening is hereby created and made an integral part of the Office of the Secretary of the DOH
To review annually and recommend conditions to be included in the newborn screening panel of disorders;
To review and recommend the newborn screening fee to be charged by Newborn Screening Centers;
To review the report of the Newborn Screening Reference Center on the quality assurance of the National Screening Centers and
To recommend corrective measures as deemed necessary.
How many members and who in the Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening?
8
o Secretary of Health - Chairman
o Executive Director of the NIH - Vice Chairperson
o Undersecretary of the DILG
o Executive Director of the Council for the Welfare of Children
o Director of the Newborn Screening Reference Center
o three (3) representatives appointed by the Secretary of Health who shall be a pediatrician, obstetrician, endocrinologist, family physician, nurse or midwife, from either the public or private sector
According to Section 11 – Advisory Committee on Newborn Screening of RA 9288, The three (3) representatives shall be appointed for a term of ___ years, subject to their being reappointed for additional ____ years period for each extension.
3; 3
What is the title of section 12 of 9288?
Establishment and Accreditation of Newborn Screening Centers
According to Section 12 of RA 9288, Newborn Screening Centers shall have what facilities, services, and personnel?
- have a certified laboratory performing all tests included in the newborn screening program,
- have a recall/follow up programs for infants found positive for any and all of the heritable conditions;
- be supervised and staffed by trained personnel who have been duly qualified by the NIH; and
- submit to periodic announced or unannounced inspections by the Reference Center in order to evaluate and ensure quality Newborn Screening Center performance.
What is the title of section 13 of 9288?
Establishment of a Newborn Screening Reference Center
The ___ shall establish a Newborn Screening Reference Center, which shall be responsible for the _______, ________, ________ for laboratory staff in all Newborn Screening Centers
NIH
national testing database and case registries, training, technical assistance and continuing education
What is the title of section 14 of 9288?
Quality Assurance
The NIH Newborn Screening Reference Center shall be responsible for?
- drafting and ensuring good laboratory practice standards for newborn screening centers,
- establishing an external laboratory proficiency testing and certification program.
- act as the principal repository of technical information relating to newborn screening standards and practices,
- provide technical assistance to newborn screening centers
What is the title of section 15 of 9288?
Database
According to Section 15, who shall maintain a national database of patients tested and a registry for each condition?
NIH Newborn Screening Reference Center
According to section 15, the NIH should also submit reports to who, about what, and how often?
To Committee and to the DOH
About the status of and relevant health information derived from the database
Annually
In section 15, the NIH also plans for?
long-term outcome evaluation of newborn screening
What is the title of section 16 of 9288?
Newborn Screening Fees
For the newborn screening fees, this will be divided and set aside for?
at least four percent (4%) to the DOH’s Centers for Health Development or its future equivalent to be spent solely for follow-up services, education and other activities directly related to the provision of newborn screening services
at least four percent (4%) to the Newborn Screening Centers for human resource development and equipment maintenance and upgrading
at least four percent (4%) to the NIH Newborn Screening Reference Center for overall supervision, training and continuing education, maintenance of national database, quality assurance program and monitoring of the national program
and the balance for the operational and other expenses of the Newborn Screening Center
What is the title of section 17 of 9288?
Repealing Clause
What is the title of section 18 of 9288?
Separability Clause
What is section 19 of 9288?
Effectivity Clause
What is AN ACT AUTHORIZING THE LEGACY OR DONATION OF ALL OR PART OF A HUMAN BODY AFTER DEATH FOR SPECIFIED PURPOSES?
Republic Act No. 7170
What is the rationale of 7170?
to protect the rights of both donor and recipient from any unethical or illegal practice such as human trafficking and selling of organs for money