Movement & Motor Development Flashcards

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1
Q

Newborn reflexes are..

A
  • natural
  • needed for survival
  • Rooting Reflex
  • Palmar
  • Stepping
  • Babinski
  • Moro
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2
Q

Rooting Reflex

A
  • turns towards what is touching the face
  • needed to eat, e.g breast feeding
  • gone at about 4 months
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3
Q

Palmar Reflex

A
  • Grasping response to pressure
  • What we think is holding our hands
  • gone at about 6 months.
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4
Q

Stepping Reflex

A
  • Mimics motion of walking

* gone at about 3 months

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5
Q

Babinski Reflex

A
  • Stroke bottom of foot & toes will curl

* gone at about 4 months

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6
Q

Moro Reflex

A
  • slightly drop of the head, react with startled look, arms & legs out trying to grasp
  • gone at about 3 months
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7
Q

Influences in motor development

A
  • Cepaolcaudal
  • Proximodistal
  • Cultural influences
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8
Q

Cephalocaudal Direction (top-down)

A
  • hold head up
  • roll over
  • sit up
  • crawling position
  • crawling
  • pulling up
  • cruising walking
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9
Q

Proximidistal Direction

A
  • control of arms
  • palmar grasp
  • pincer grasp
  • tripod grasp (pencil grip)
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10
Q

Theories of motor development

A
  • Maturation
  • Experiential
  • Interactionist Perspective
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11
Q

Maturation Theory

A
  • Sequential

* Regardless of culture

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12
Q

Experiential Theory

A
  • Through learning experience
  • Maturation is sufficient, BUT not enough
  • Dennis, 1960 study results: bc of little stimulation did not develop to the rate of a child that was being stimulated
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13
Q

Interactionist Perspective

A
•Esther Thelen
•Motor skills developed through infants effort (have to be active)
• Effortful
• Motivated (want to do what they see)
• Visual Orientation
1. Exploring
2. Selection
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14
Q

Visual Orientation

A
  1. Exploring (seeing diff. methods)

2. Selection (select helpful method)

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15
Q

Gross motor (large)

A
  • large muscle movement

* arms, legs

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16
Q

Fine motor (small)

A
  • Small movements
  • movements with hands & fingers
  • e.g: drawing, writing, eating
17
Q

Sensation

A

• 5 senses

18
Q

Perception

A

•interpretation of input (form 5 senses)

19
Q

Visual at birth

A
  • blurry

* detects if lines are straight or curved

20
Q

Visual at 2-4 months

A
  • Can detect faces
  • have preferences for faces over other things
  • Preference for mothers face
21
Q

Visual at 4 months

A
  • 20/20 vision
  • able to detect color
  • preference for primary colors
22
Q

Touch

A
  • Responsive to touch at birth

* preference for soft touch

23
Q

Smell

A
  • Responsive at birth
  • Can detect what smells good & bad
  • preference to mothers smell after 1 wk.
24
Q

Taste

A
  • Present at birth

* Preference for sweets

25
Q

Hearing

A
  • Before birth, 24 wks of gestation
  • preference for mothers voice at birth
  • preference for music, rythms
26
Q

Depth Perception; Visual Cliff Study (Gibson & Walk 1960)

A
  • suggests baby is cautious of birth
  • fear dev. (@ 7 months)
  • Social referencing