Language Development Flashcards
Language
Symbols used to communicate w/ others & in our thinking
Theoretical perspective: Learning
- Children learn language through imitation & conditioning (reinforcement)
- Skinner – Operant conditioning
- Bandura – Learn through observation, adults speak clearer to babies, exact imitation is not needed, feedback plays a role.
Theoretical perspective: Nativist
- Children are born with mechanisms that allow children to learn language QUICKLY & EASILY.
- Natural capacity
- Separate from cognitive abilities
- Noam Chomsky (linguistic)
Functionalist view
• children are motivated, really want to learn
Theoretical perspective: Interactionalist view
• language created socially through interaction
Theoretical perspective: Cognitive developmental
- emerged in the 70’s
- cognitive abilities have a role in language
- Language is a symbolic way of thinking
Cooing
- ~ 2 months
- starting to learn to use language
- beginning of conversational rules
Reduplicated babbling
- ~ 6 months
- early babbling
- same sounds
Echolalia
- 10-12 months
* saying back a word that sounds a like
1st word
• 11-13 months
Combined words
- ~18 months
* combine 2 words together
Gestures
• 8-10 months
Referential communication
- pointing
* labeling
Transition to words
• Naming explosion (vocab. burst) - fast mapping strategy - @ about 6,000 words - come up with names quickly - pick up words • Lexicon vocab - by 18 months about 50 words - understand more words than they know.
What is used to study speech sounds?
- Phonetics
* phoneme
Phonetics
- Articulation
* studies the order of children’s sound development
Phoneme
•sound
•a sound contrast that can change the meaning of what is said.
- e.g: duck, fuck
receptive language
•ability to comprehend language
expressive language
•ability to put thoughts into words & sentences
Broca’s
•grammatical sentences + no meaning
Wrinikes
• short ungrammatical sentences
Fast mapping
fast mapping children’s ability to connect new words to their meanings so rapidly that they cannot be considering all possible meanings for the new word
Naming explosion
18 months, many children experience this during which they learn new words—particularly names of objects—much more rapidly than before
