Movement into and out of Cells

Question 1

What is the BIOLOGICAL definition of diffusion

Answer 1

The net movement of particles down the concentration gradient

Question 2

What is the concentration gradient

Answer 2

A pattern of diffusion from an area of HIGH -> LOW concentration

Question 3

What are particles

Answer 3

Molecules, atoms or ions (

Question 4

What is the rate of diffusion based on

Answer 4

Kinetic energy in the particles and particle size

Question 5

Do larger substances diffuse faster or slower

Answer 5

Slower, as they are heavier and require more kinetic energy to move

Question 6

How can kinetic energy be added/removed

Answer 6

By increasing/lowering the temperature

Question 7

What is the net movement

Answer 7

The overall pattern of movement

Question 8

Define Osmosis

Answer 8

The diffusion of water molecules through a partially permeable membrane

Question 9

What is the water potential of a solution

Answer 9

The concentration of water molecules in an area

Question 10

How does high water potential correspond to the concentration of other particles

Answer 10

The concentration of other particles is low (high water potential = low concentration)

Question 11

How does low water potential correspond to the concentration of other particles

Answer 11

The concentration of other particles is high (low water potential = high concentration)

Question 12

What is a water potential gradient

Answer 12

A pattern of osmosis from an area of HIGH -> LOW water potential

Question 13

What is the water potential of a dilute solution

Answer 13

High

Question 14

What is the concentration of a dilute solution

Answer 14

Low

Question 15

What is the water potential of a concentrated solution

Answer 15

Low

Question 16

What is the concentration of a concentrated solution

Answer 16

High (No Shit)

Question 17

What happens after the water potential is balanced

Answer 17

Particles keep moving, but there is no further net movement

Question 18

Now, what is the FULL definition of osmosis

Answer 18

The NET movement of water molecules from an area of HIGH -> LOW water potential through a partially permeable membrane

Question 19

What happens when a cell is placed in a more concentrated solution than its insides

Answer 19

It will lose water through osmosis

Question 20

What will happen to a plant cell if it loses water

Answer 20

It will go through plasmolysis, the cell membrane tearing away from the cell

Question 21

What happens when a cell is placed in a less concentrated solution than its insides

Answer 21

It will gain water through osmosis

Question 22

What might happen to an animal cell if it gains water

Answer 22

It might burst

Question 23

What might happen to a plant cell if it gains water

Answer 23

It will become turgid, putting high pressure on the cell wall

Question 24

What is active transport

Answer 24

The process of diffusion against a concentration gradient

Question 25

How is active transport able to occur

Answer 25

It requires extra kinetic energy from respiration

Question 26

What are carrier proteins

Answer 26

Protein molecules that use energy from respiration to change shape and move particles in and out of cells (active transport)

Question 27

Where are carrier proteins located

Answer 27

In the cell membrane