Coordination and Response Flashcards
What are stimuli?
Inside or Outside influences which the body can detect and respond to
What are receptors?
Tissue in the body that are responsible for detecting stimuli
What are effectors?
Tissue in the body that are responsible for responding to stimuli
What is coordination?
The process of communication between receptors and effectors
What are nerves?
A group of neurone axons lying together?
What are neurones?
Cells that act as passageways for nerve impulses
What is an axon
The long, thin part of a neurone cell full of cytoplasm
What is a dendrite
Little projections from the cell body of a neurone with cytoplasm
What is a nerve impulse?
An electrical signal that passes along an axon to deliver information
What is the CNS
Neurones in the brain and the spinal cord
What is the PNS
Every neurone in the body apart from those in the CNS
What are sensory neurones?
Neurones that transmit information from the receptor to the CNS
What are relay neurones?
Neurones that transmit information within the CNS
What are motor neurones?
Neurones that transmit information from the CNS to effectors
What is a reflex arc?
The process of a nerve impulse travelling from the receptor to the CNS to the effector.
What is a reflex?
The body’s unconscious response to a stimulus to minimise danger.
What is a synapse?
A junction between two neurones
What is a vesicle?
A small vacuole
What is a synaptic gap?
A tiny gap between two neurones at the synapse
What is a neurotransmitter?
Molecules in vesicles that contain information, that can be released when vesicles diffuse across the synaptic gap
What are receptor proteins?
Proteins that have a complementary shape to neurotransmitters that receive neurotransmitters at the end of the synaptic gap
What is a sense organ?
A group of tissue that is responsible for see
What is the structure of the eye
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What is the retina?
Tis
What is the optic nerve?
What is the blind spot?
What is the fovea?
What are rods?
What are cones?
What is the iris?
What is the pupil?
What is the iris/pupil reflex?
What are antagonistic muscles?
What is refraction?
What is the cornea?
What is the lens?
What are suspensory ligaments?
What is the ciliary muscle?
What is the purpose of hormones?
What are endocrine glands?
What are target organs?
What is adrenaline?
What is tropism?
What is phototropism?
What is gravitropism?
Which gland secretes adrenaline and what is its purpose?
Which gland secretes insulin and what is its purpose?
Which gland secretes glucagon and what is its purpose?
Which gland secretes testosterone and what is its purpose?
Which gland secretes oestrogen and what is its purpose?
What is auxin in plants?
A hormone made in tips of shoots, causing cells to elongate
