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IGCSE Biology > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Cell

A

The smallest unit of which all organisms are made

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2
Q

What is the formula for magnification

A

Image Size/Real Object Size

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3
Q

How permeable are cell membranes

A

Partially Permeable

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4
Q

What does a cell membrane look like

A

A thin layer of protein and fat around the cell

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5
Q

What is the function of the Cell membrane

A

It controls what enters and leaves the cell

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6
Q

What does a cell wall look like

A

A thick layer of cellulose outside the cell membrane

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7
Q

What is the function of the Cell wall

A

To give the cell protection and support

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8
Q

Which cells contain a cell wall

A

Plant Cells (also fungi and bacteria cells)

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9
Q

Where do metabolic reactions take place

A

Cytoplasm

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10
Q

What does the cytoplasm look like

A

It is the liquid that fills the cell’s “empty” space

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11
Q

What does the vacuole contain

A

Cell sap

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12
Q

Which cells contain permanent vacuoles

A

Plant Cells

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13
Q

Which cells contain vesicles

A

Animal Cells

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14
Q

What is the function of the Nucleus

A

Storing Genetic information

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15
Q

What is inside the nucleus

A

Chromosomes

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16
Q

What is a chromosome

A

It is a structure that holds DNA

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17
Q

What is DNA

A

A molecule with genetic information (genes) controlling the proteins made in the cell

18
Q

Where is Chlorophyll stored

A

Inside Chloroplasts

19
Q

Which type of cell contains chloroplasts

A

Plant Cells

20
Q

What parts of a plant have chloroplasts

A

Usually any part that is green, because it needs to be exposed to sufficient sunlight

21
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts

A

Photosynthesis

22
Q

How and where does aerobic respiration happen (important)

A

Oxygen breaks down Glucose to convert it to ATP (AdenosineTriPhosphate) in the mitochondria

23
Q

What is the function of a ribosome

A

Making Proteins

24
Q

What is a prokaryotic Cell

A

A Cell With No Nucleus

25
Q

What is a eukaryotic Cell

A

A cell with a nucleus

26
Q

Do Bacteria Cells contain nuclei

A

No, instead they have a string of circular DNA

27
Q

What is a plasmid

A

circular molecules of DNA found in many prokaryotic cells

28
Q

Define bacteria

A

Unicellular prokaryotic organisms

29
Q

What is a bacteria cell wall made of

A

Pedptidoglycan

30
Q

What is a tissue

A

A group of similar cells working together to carry out a process

31
Q

What is the function of a ciliated cell

A

To move mucus upwards in the trachea and bronchi of animals

32
Q

What is the function of a neuron cell

A

conducts electrical impulses in the nervous system of animals

33
Q

What is the function of a red blood cell

A

transports oxygen in the blood of mammals

34
Q

What is the function of a sperm cell

A

The male gamete in sexual reproduction, produced in the testes of mammals

35
Q

What is the function of a egg cell

A

The female gamete in sexual reproduction, produced in the ovaries of mammals

36
Q

What is the function of a root hair cellAb

A

Absorbs water and minerals at the tips of roots of flowering plants

37
Q

What is the function of a palisade mesophyll cell

A

Photosynthesis, found in the leaves of flowering plants

38
Q

What is an organ

A

A group of different tissues carrying out the same function

39
Q

What is an organ system

A

A group of different organs carrying out the same function

40
Q

Example 1, what organ system is the heart a part of

A

The circulatory system

41
Q

Example 2, what organ system is the esophagus a part of

A

The digestive system

IGCSE Biology (20 decks)

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