Cells Flashcards
Define Cell
The smallest unit of which all organisms are made
What is the formula for magnification
Image Size/Real Object Size
How permeable are cell membranes
Partially Permeable
What does a cell membrane look like
A thin layer of protein and fat around the cell
What is the function of the Cell membrane
It controls what enters and leaves the cell
What does a cell wall look like
A thick layer of cellulose outside the cell membrane
What is the function of the Cell wall
To give the cell protection and support
Which cells contain a cell wall
Plant Cells (also fungi and bacteria cells)
Where do metabolic reactions take place
Cytoplasm
What does the cytoplasm look like
It is the liquid that fills the cell’s “empty” space
What does the vacuole contain
Cell sap
Which cells contain permanent vacuoles
Plant Cells
Which cells contain vesicles
Animal Cells
What is the function of the Nucleus
Storing Genetic information
What is inside the nucleus
Chromosomes
What is a chromosome
It is a structure that holds DNA
What is DNA
A molecule with genetic information (genes) controlling the proteins made in the cell
Where is Chlorophyll stored
Inside Chloroplasts
Which type of cell contains chloroplasts
Plant Cells
What parts of a plant have chloroplasts
Usually any part that is green, because it needs to be exposed to sufficient sunlight
What is the function of chloroplasts
Photosynthesis
How and where does aerobic respiration happen (important)
Oxygen breaks down Glucose to convert it to ATP (AdenosineTriPhosphate) in the mitochondria
What is the function of a ribosome
Making Proteins
What is a prokaryotic Cell
A Cell With No Nucleus
What is a eukaryotic Cell
A cell with a nucleus
Do Bacteria Cells contain nuclei
No, instead they have a string of circular DNA
What is a plasmid
circular molecules of DNA found in many prokaryotic cells
Define bacteria
Unicellular prokaryotic organisms
What is a bacteria cell wall made of
Pedptidoglycan
What is a tissue
A group of similar cells working together to carry out a process
What is the function of a ciliated cell
To move mucus upwards in the trachea and bronchi of animals
What is the function of a neuron cell
conducts electrical impulses in the nervous system of animals
What is the function of a red blood cell
transports oxygen in the blood of mammals
What is the function of a sperm cell
The male gamete in sexual reproduction, produced in the testes of mammals
What is the function of a egg cell
The female gamete in sexual reproduction, produced in the ovaries of mammals
What is the function of a root hair cellAb
Absorbs water and minerals at the tips of roots of flowering plants
What is the function of a palisade mesophyll cell
Photosynthesis, found in the leaves of flowering plants
What is an organ
A group of different tissues carrying out the same function
What is an organ system
A group of different organs carrying out the same function
Example 1, what organ system is the heart a part of
The circulatory system
Example 2, what organ system is the esophagus a part of
The digestive system
