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Anatomy Exam > Mouth and Tongue > Flashcards

Mouth and Tongue Flashcards

1
Q

The oral cavity opens anteriorly to the ____ _____ to posteriorly to the _____ ____

A

oral fissure; oropharyngeal isthmus

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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the oral cavity (mouth)?

A

lateral wall: cheeks

anterior: lips
roof: palate
floor: mucosa of floor of mouth

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3
Q

This is the space between the teeth and gums

A

oral cavity proper

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4
Q

The floor of the mouth includes the temporal bones (the styloid process and petrous portion). What are these bones a point of attachment for?

A

muscles of the soft palate and tongue

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5
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the paired mylohyoid muscles

A

origin: mylohyoid line
insertion: raphe plus hyoid bone
action: elevates and pulls hyoid and larynx forward; depresses mandible and opens mouth when hyoid is fixed

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6
Q

What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation of the geniohyoid muscles?

A

origin: inferior mental spines
insertion: hyoid
action: same as mylohyoid
innervation: ventral rami C1

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7
Q

The cheeks include the buccinator muscle. What is its origin and innervation?

A

origin: pterygomandibular raphe and alveolar processes
innnervation: buccal branch of facial nerve

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8
Q

The sublingual papilla is the opening of which duct?

A

submandibular duct

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9
Q

The sublingual fold covers which gland?

A

submandibular salivary gland

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10
Q

The plica fimbriata is a fringed fold located where?

A

lateral to deep lingual vein

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11
Q

How many deciduous (baby) teeth are there? When do they erupt?

A

20 (4 incisors, 2, canines, 4 molar per jaw); 6 months to 2 years

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12
Q

How many permanent teeth are there? When do they erupt?

A

32 (4 incisors, 2 canines, 4 premolars, 6 molars per jaw); 6 years to 20 years

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13
Q

Describe the structure of teeth going from superficial to deep

A

crown, neck, root, cavity of crown, root canal

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14
Q

What are the layers of teeth?

A

enamel, dentine, dental pulp

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15
Q

What innervates the gums of the upper teeth?

A

branches of the maxillary nerve

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16
Q

In regards to the gums of the upper teeth, what innervates the buccal side?

A

post. mid. and ant. superior alveolar nerves

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17
Q

In regards to the gums of the upper teeth, what innervates the palatal (lingual) side?

A

from ant. to post. : nasopalatine, greater palatine nerves

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18
Q

What innervates the gums of the lower teeth

A

branches of the mandibular nerve

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19
Q

In regards to gums of the lower teeth, what innervates the buccal side?

A

from incisors to premolars: mental nerve

molar gums: buccal nerve

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20
Q

In regards to gums of the lower teeth, what innervates the lingual side?

A

lingual nerve

21
Q

What are the attachments of the tongue?

A

mandible and hyoid bone

note: dorsum - in oral cavity, ant. 2/3; post. - in pharynx, post. 1/3

22
Q

In regards to composition of the tongue, this is a V-shpaed sulcus separating the tongue into ant. 2/3 and post. 1/3

A

sulcus terminalis

23
Q

In regards to composition of the tongue, this is a pit at the apex of the sulcus terminals and is an embryological remnant for opening of the thyroglossal duct

A

foramen cecum

24
Q

There are 4 types of papillae that make up the tongue. These are numerous, whitish, and don’t have taste buds

A

filiform

25
Q

There are 4 types of papillae that make up the tongue. These are reddish, on side and tip of tongue, and contain taste buds

A

Fungiform

26
Q

There are 4 types of papillae that make up the tongue. There are 10-12 of this type in front of sulcus terminals. They have numerous taste buds

A

vallate

27
Q

There are 4 types of papillae that make up the tongue. These ones are found on lateral margins of the tongue

A

foliate

28
Q

In regards to composition of the tongue, where are the lingual tonsils found?

A

on post. 1/3 of tongue, beneath foliate papillae

29
Q

These are depressions between median and lateral glossoepiglottic folds

A

valleculae

30
Q

All of the muscles of the tongue are innervated by hypoglossal except?

A

palatoglossus - vagus

31
Q

The intrinsic tongue muscles do what?

A

alter shape of the tongue

32
Q

In regards to extrinsic tongue muscles, what is the origin, insertion, and action, of the genioglossus?

A

origin: mental spines
insertion: hyoid
action: depress, protrude tongue

33
Q

In regards to extrinsic tongue muscles, what is the origin, insertion, and action, of the hyoglossus?

A

origin: Gr. horn and adjacent body of hyoid
insertion: lateral surface of tongue
action: depress tongue

34
Q

In regards to extrinsic tongue muscles, what is the origin, insertion, and action, of the styloglossus?

A

origin: styloid process
insertion: lateral surface of tongue
action: elevates and retracts tongue

35
Q

In regards to extrinsic tongue muscles, what is the origin, insertion, and action, of the palatoglossus?

A

origin: palatine apon.
insertion: lateral surface of tongue
action: elevates back of tongue

36
Q

Most of the blood supply to the mouth and tongue comes from this artery. What are its 3 branches?

A

Lingual artery; branches: dorsal lingual; sublingual, deep lingual arteries

37
Q

Describe the routes of venous drainage of the mouth and tongue

A

deep lingual veins unite with sublingual vein to form vena committals nervi hypolgossi. this along with with the dorsal lingual vein drains into the IJV

38
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the tip of the tongue? Ant. 2/3 of tongue? post. 1/3 of tongue?

A

tip: submental nodes
ant. 2/3: submandibular and deep cervical
post. 1/3: deep cervical nodes

39
Q

Sensory innervation to the ant. 2/3 of the tongue is by which nerve?

A

Lingual nerve (V3)

40
Q

Sensory innervation to the post. 1/3 of the tongue is by which nerve?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

41
Q

Sensory innervation to the most posterior part of the tongue including the valleculae is by which nerve?

A

vagus

42
Q

Which nerve is responsible for taste to the ant. 2/3 of the tongue?

A

chorda tympani

43
Q

Which nerve is responsible for taste to the post. 1/3 of the tongue?

A

glossopharyngeal

44
Q

The submandibular gland has a superficial part in the submandibular triangle and a deep part in the floor of the mouth. This muscle separates these two parts

A

mylohyoid

45
Q

The ____ nerve loops under the submandibular duct

A

lingual

46
Q

The submandibular duct begins in the gland where it is between the hyoglossus and mylohyoid, courses anteriorly and opens on a ____ _____ by the base of the _____ of the tongue

A

sublingual papillae; frenulum

47
Q

These glands lie in the floor of the mouth between the mandible and the genioglossus muscles

A

sublingual

48
Q

Give the flow of innervation starting from the brainstem to the salivary glands

A

brainstem - facial nerve - chorda tympani - chorda tympani + lingual - submandibular ganglion - postganglionic parasympathetic fibers go to glands

Anatomy Exam (32 decks)

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