Exam 2 Flashcards
Where are the cell bodies located for the nerve that feeds the post. 1/3 of tongue?
superior and inferior glossopharyngeal ganglia
Which cranial nerves are extensions of the forebrain?
CN 1 and 2
-Nuclei aka cell bodies are not located in brainstem, for CN 1- located in olfactory nasal mucosa also called olfactory epithelium
CN2- Ganglion cells are the Retina
Which layer of facia in the neck contains the parotid gland?
What else does this layer contain?
investing layer
- trapezious
- SCM
- submandibular gland
lacrimal gland is innervated by what nerve?
CN 7
close your eye make you cry, taste pie and innervates every gland in your face except the one it goes through
Where are the cell bodies in CN2?
Retina Ganglion cells— these come together and form optic nerve
pterygopalatine ganglia comes connects w/ what main nerve?
Maxillary nerve V2
What kind of coverings do CN’s have that differentiactes them from regular spinal nerves?
covered by tubular sheaths derieved by cranial meniges
You are walking in the jungle and you hear a lion roar. What two eye muscles are going to respond to this surprise and what are their innervations?
1) Levetator Palpebre- voluntary CN#3
2) Superior tarsal muscle- sympathetic response
Special Sensory: Hearing and Balance
CN 8
What is CN 10 parasympathetic contribution in the head?
NONE. NOTHING. NADAAAA
General Sensory of CN 7
cell bodies?
Skin of external acoustic meatus via posteiror auricular branch (NOTE: THIS IS 7’s ONLY GENERAL SENSORY BRANCH)
-geniculate ganglion
Pathway of CN 9 to Parotid gland
Medulla–> tympanic N–> Tympanic plexus –> Lesser petrosal N–> OTIC GANGLIA–> hitchhikes ride on auriculotemporal V3 –> parotid gland
Motor innervation to eye
CN 3: SR, IR, MR, IO
CN 4: SO
CN 6: LR
What 2 veins join with the EJV to flow into subclavian V or IJV?
Where do they do this?
Transverse cervical
suprascapular
-deep fascia (think!! this is also going to be where the inf. thyroid vein is coming in!)
Superior Alveolar nerves are innervated by?
Inferoior?
Sup- V2Maxillary
Inf- V3 Mandibular
What 2 veins form the external jugular?
Where do they join?
- retromandibular (around front of ear)
- posterior auricular (wraps around behind ear)
–>these connect at angle of mandible to form EJV
CN responsible for baroception and chemorection in the Carotid sinus and body?
CN 9 & 10
Branches of V3– Posterior Trunnk
Ganglion
Function?
Cranial Fossa?
Posterior–> SENSORY!!
- Meningeal branch–> Dura Mater
- Auriculotemporal (sens to that area)
- Lingual (pain, temp, touch to ant 2/3 tongue)
- Inferior Aleveolar Nerve (Sens to teeth)—> Mental N (sens to chin)
Function: Motor and Sensory
Fossa: Foramen Ovale
purpose of arachnoid granulations?
return circulating CSF to venous system
Innervation of genioglossus m
CN12– come on, you knew that!
General Sensory to mucosal membranes of pharynx, soft palate, posterior tongue
CN 9
describe the plica semilunaris
small fold of bulbar conjunctiva on the medial canthus of the eye.
the levator palpebrae is innervated by?
what kind of muscle is this? (smooth, voluntary, cardiac)
is a voluntary muscle innervated by CN3
Branches of Retromandibular division of Maxillary Art (in order w/ orientation)
S-DA: deep auricular S-AT: anterior tympanic P-IA: Inferior Alveolar S-MM: Middle Meningeal S-AM: Accessory Meningeal
Where does CN8 emerge from?
What fossa does it leave skull through?
junction of pons and medulla
Internal acoustic meatus
difference between the lacrimal papilla and punctum?
papilla = mound its sitting on punctum = opening to lacrimal canaliculi
Spinal roots of CN 11 enter cranium via which fossa?
Foreman Magnum
Name all 8 muscles that V3 innervates
First think Mastication:
- Lat and Med Ptyergoid
- massester
- temporalis
Now think Tensors
- tensor palatini
- tensor tympani
Now think suprahyoid
- ANTERIOR belly of digastric (remember CN7 does posterior belly through cervical branch)
- mylohyoid
Parasympathetic pathway and function to Iris/lens
muscles?
CN 3 brainstem–> ciliary ganglion zzz–> short cilliary nerves–> sphincter pupillae m. which makes pupils constrict & ciliary muscles m. (lens rounds to accommodate)
trail of tears pathway?
Lacrimal gland–> Lacrimal ducts–> Lacrimal punctum–> Lacrimal caniculi –> Lacrimal sac–> Nasolacrimal duct–> inferior meatus
CN 12 Motor Muscles
Motor innervation to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue
GoSH:
- genioglossus
- styloglossus
- hypoglossus
Motor Branches of 7?
“To Zanzibar By Motor Car”
Temporal, Zygomatic branches, Buccal, Mandibular, Cervical
Auriculotemporal nerves carries?
- cut sensory fibers from V3
- Post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers from otic ganglion and CN9
Slipinslide coming off of Euch. tube?
Levator Platatini
think euch. tube is coming in medially and you already know that levator is medial to ptygoid hamulus and tensor palatini is lateral to ptygoid hamulus
which layer of fascia contains sympathetic trunk?
What else does this layer contain?
carotid sheath
-CC/IC/EC
-IJV
-CN10
Carotid sinus
-sympathetic trunk
Innervation to stapedius and tensor tympani muscles in ear
stapedius is CN7
tensor tympani CN 5
What CN is resposible for posterior 1/3 of tounge? Where are its cell bodies?
CN9- glossopharyngeal
-inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion
Digastric Innervation
Anterior belly?
Posterior Belly?
Ant belly- CN 5
Post belly- CN 7
Movement of eye
Movement is Medial (Rectus Muscles)
Where are ciliary and sebaceous glands in eyelids?
base of eyelashes
otic ganglia-
pre-ganglionic parasympethic innervation via CN9 to parotid gland to inhibit secretions
innervation of platysma
Cervical branch of CN7
Innervation of TM?
External ear: C2/C3 Lesser Occiptal, Greater Auricular
CN7- Posterior auricular branch
V3- auriculotemporal branch
10- auricular branch
External TM- CN v3- Auriculotemporal branch
CN10- aurciular branch
Internal TM: CN9: tympanic branch
Pharyngeal plexus
CN 9, X, SCG, parasym via X
Largest sensory ganglia we have in our bodies?
Trigeminal Ganglion
Parasympathetic to Parotid?
CN9
Which CN is resposible for the ability to taste on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
How does it get there?
CN 7 Facial- fibers travel through internal acoustic meatus, then break off into the Greater Petrosal Nerve and the Chorda Tympani, CT Nerve joins Lingual Nerve (branch of V3) to give taste to anteior 2/3 of tonuge and soft palate.
CN 9 only muscle innervation
stylophargeus
sympathetic pathways and function to iris/lens
What muscles does this affect?
spinal nerves –> SCG zzz–> carotid plexus (internal carotid artery to ophthalmic artery) –> nasociliary N (V1)
biforcates -> ->
- > one branch: long ciliary N: dilator pupille m.
- > ciliary ganglion (DOES NOT ZZZ) -> short ciliary nerves to dilator pupillae m. (cause eyes to dilate)
Where do the fibers that travel to the ptygoidpalatine ganglia go?
preganglionic parasympathtic fibers synapse here, while postganglionic sympanetic fibers travel through here to maxillary division to the muscus membranes of face
chemoception means?
o2 and co2 regulation
Thyrohyoid muscle
- supra or infra hyoid?
- origin?
- innervation?
- where does it touch the hyoid?
-what does it do?
- infrahyoid
- oblique line of thyroid cartilage
- C1 via hypoglossal nerve #12 sheath (hitch a ride)
- inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid bone
-depress hyoid and ELEVATES larynx and thyroid
4 parasympathetic ganglia in head?
COPS:
Cillary, otic, pterygopalatine, submandibular
What is the Geniculum and why do we care about it?
Location where CN 7 takes sharp 90* turn
Where are the tarsal glands located?
on tarsal plate
Type of nerve is Lacrimal nerve?
SENSORY but carries sym and parasym w/ it
A stye is an infection of what in the eye?
meibowman glands or follicle
Ciliary Ganglia gets input from?
- Sensory fibers- CN V1
- PREsynaptic parasympathetic fibers CN 3
- postsynaptic sympathetic fibers from internal carotid plexus
Baroception means?
blood pressure
Term used for the lateral and medial aspects of the eye?
lateral and medial canthus
Where does the prevertebral fascia extend to?
Contents?
-laterally to form axillary sheath which holds brachial plexus and axillary art
Role of Emissary veins?
connect superficial veins with dural venous sinus
Which part of the vestibule are the semicircular canals attached to?
Utricle
Only motor function of CN 9 goes to?
stylopharyngeus
which two structures of the eye are also skull features that are discernable on the face?
- glabella (think bunny lines derm)
- supracillary arch (the ridge that is above and lateral aspect to the eyebrow )
What kind of fibers are in the pterygoid canal?
Nerve of pterygoid canal– mixed nerve
preganglionic parasympathetics from CN7- greater petrosal nerve to pterygoidpalatine gang
postganglionic sympatethic fibers from SCG on deep petrosal nerve
Where is pretracheal fasia located? Where is it not located? Types?
infrahyoid neck and blends with pericardium
muscular (infrahyoid m.) and visceral (throid, parathryoid, larynx, trachea, eso
Horners Syndrome
Ptosis-eyelid drop
Myosis-constriction
Anhidrosis- no sweat
Enophthalmos- eye sinks in
Nerve that serves taste for root of tongue and epiglottis
X
Fibers that feed posterior 1/3 of tongue travel in what nerve? Where are these cell bodies located?
CN 9
cell bodies in inferior glossopharygneal ganglion
What two ligaments does Chorda Tympani run superior to before joining the lingual nerve?
sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligaments
What is the tarsal plate?
where is it?
- cartilaginous plate w/i eyelid that contains tarsal glands (meibomian–aka lipid secreting glands that keep eye lubricated)
- along palpebrae fissure
Cell bodies of CN 10 located?
sup. and inf. vagal ganglion
greater and lesser palatine nerves carry what kind of fibers and where do they go?
greater goes to hard palate
lesser goes to soft palate
both are sensory nerves of maxillary division but also carry sym and parasym fibers to those mucus membranes areas as well
In the posterior triangle, which fascia forms the roof? What about the floor?
Roof:
-investing fascia
floor:
-prevertebral
Which fibers of CN2 decussate? Which do not? Why is this important?
- Nasal or medial half of optic nerve cross
- temporal or lateral half do not
- allows depth of field or binocular vision (aka 3D)
CN 11 Fossa
Jugular Foramen
Special Sensory: Sight
CN?
Fossa?
Cell bodies?
CN:2 Optic
Fossa: Optic Canal
Horizontal cells receive impulse with synapse w/ Retinal Ganglion cells which converge to form optic nerve
What is a cranial meninge?
coverings of the brain that are immediately internal to the cranium, create fluid filled cavity aka subarachnoid space.
Lingual Nerve is responsible for?
This is a branch of?
general sensation (pain, temp touch) to ant. 2/3 of tongue V3- mandibular
Layers in cranium below the skull bone
- Dura mater
- periosteal layer
- meningeal layer
- Arachnoid mater
- subarachnoid space
- Pia mater
- brain
Lesion along R optic nerve will lead to what type of blindness and visual field?
Complete loss of R eye aka blindness of ipsilateral eye aka monocular vision loss
CN 10 Motor muscles
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
Sup. Middle. Infer. constrictor
circothyroid
What vessel is deep to platysma?
external jugular vein
The smooth muscles near the insertion on the tarsal plate are innervated by?
Clinical significance?
innervated by the sympathetic nervous system!!
in a state of fight or flight the eyes are open wider. with Horner’s syndrome (loss of sympathetic innervation to the face) the patient presents with ptosis as one symptom (drooped eyelid.)
Sympathetic innervation to cranium and face via ?
At what vertebra is this located?
Travels along?
- sympathetic chain ganglia
- superior cervical ganglia @ C1 behind carotid artery
- Carotid artery
Nerves w/i cavernous sinus
-3, 4, 6, V1, V2
NOT V3!!!!!
Ciliary ganglia can be found on what nerve?
Nasociliary N (V1)
Lateral venous lucunae
how the superior cerebral veins communicate with superior sagittal sinus
these are slit like openings on the lateral aspects of the cerebral veins… aka lateral venous (gap) lacunae
Motor Innervation of CN 7 that are not the main 5 terminal branches
- stylohyoid
- post. belly of digastric
- stapedius
- Auricularis muscles (ant. sup. post) and occipitofrontalis
Parasympathetic and sympathitics to eye
which CN?
parasym: constrict pupils
symp: dilate pupils
CN 3- oculormotor
Fibers that feed anterior 2/3 of tongue travel in what nerve? Where are these cell bodies located?
Chorda Tympani
ganiculate ganglion
medical names for upper and lower eyelids?
superior and inferior palpebrae
clinical significance of emissary veins?
connects superficial veins with diploic veins to dural venous sinuses– these veins are VALVELESS so infections of scalp can gain access to cranial cavity.
This is why scalp wounds are taken so seriously at hospital.
Every sympathetic axon in the head is pre or post ganglionic?
POSTGANGLIONIC. NO EXCEPTIONS.
Innervation of SCM?
#11: motor C2/C3--pain and proprecooception
Main reflections of Dura mater?
- falx cerebri (longitudinal cerebral fissure)
- think, 2 halfs of brain do not connect other than the corpus cavernousum soooo the dura will go down these halfs and create a reflection*
- tentorium cerebelli (tent over the cerebellum
- Falx cerebelli (longitudinal that runs between cerebellums** think falx cerebri but for cerebellums**
- diaphragma sellae: cicular extension that forms a roof over the hypophysial fossa (aka where pituitary is) this is what allows the cavernous sinus to communicate with one another
Sympathetic path to Partoid Gland?
What do these fibers do there?
Size of fibers (aka long or short pre/post gang)
Spinal nerves-> SCG-> ride external carotid plexus to superficial temporal art & Maxillary Art -> partoid gland
decrease/inhibit sections
short preganglionic, long postganglionic
Branches of Ptyergoid Division of Maxillary Art (in order w/ orientation)
S- DTp: Deep temporal post I- PTm: Medial Ptyergoid S-PTl: Lateral Ptyergoid I: MA: Massesteric S: DTa: Deep temporal ant I: BA: Buccal Art
Where are cell bodies of CN 7 that are responsible for sensory information located?
Both- Geniculate ganglion
- Special sensory: taste from ant. 2/3rd of tongue and soft palate
- Somatic Sensory: skin of external acoustic meatus
Innervation of geniohyoid
C1- cervical plexus
the ptergoidpalatine artery goes through what to get to the sphenopalatine fossa?
the pterygoid maxillary fissure –> pterygoid palatine fossa –> sphenopalatine fossa
V2 exits cranium through what fossa?
Ganglia?
Function?
- Foramen Rotundum
- Trigeminal ganglia
- Somatic sensory to Maxillary division
- where is the levator palpebrae in relation to the superior rectus muscle?
- Innervation?
- function?
-What about in relation to obicularis oculi?
- superior to SR
- CN3
- raises eyelid
OO is anterior to levator palpebrae
Motor innervation to stylopharygeus muscle
CN 9
CN responsible for gag reflex?
CN 9
Platysma is innervated by?
where does it orginate?
CN7- consider it a facial muscle
-fascia of deltoid and pec major
What dural sinus is contained within the falx cerebri?
what about falx cerebellum
what about tentorium cereblli?
- sup. sagitial sinus, inferior sagitial sinus, striaght sinus
- occiptal sinus
- superior petrosal sinus & transverse sinus
Special Sensory: Smell
CN?
Fossa?
Cell bodies?
CN 1: olfactory
Cribiform Plate in Ethmoid bone
Cell bodies are actually in olfactory epithemlium aka anterior extensions of forebrain
General Sensory to internal surface tympanic membrane
CN 9 glossopharyngeal
2 aspects of conjunctiva are?
inner aspect is called bulbar conjunctiva
outer aspect is called palpebrae conjunctiva
What is the buccopharyngeal fascia?
posterior visceral layer of pretracheal fascia
Terminal branches of V3
- auriculotemporal
- Buccal
- inferior alveolar
- lingual
Vagus nerve general sensory to?
mucosal membranes of larynx to trachea, esophagus, viscera in chest and peritoneum.
CNs General Sensory to External surface of tympanic membrane?
via what branch?
V3 via auriculotemporal branch
CN X via auricular branch
what is the clinical signficance of the omoclavicular triangle?
subcalavian pulse
Sensory ganglion of CN 7? Where can this be found?
genicualte ganglion, just after entering internal aucostic meatus, a short distace anteirorly into temporal bone. Also would accept geniculum
Pathway to LG
Parasympathetic
what does it do?
CN7 (pons)–> through geniculate ganglion –> greater petrosal N—> ptergoidpalatine ganglion–> zzz–> zygomatic nerve of maxillary division —> to the communicating branch that connects w/ lacrimal nerve–> to lacrimal gland
increase secretions
Lingual Art runs deep to what muscle?
Runs deep to hyoglossus m. to head towards tip of tongue to anastomose w/ other half
Action of SCM?
(Clavicular head) Unilateral contraction: aka tilts head to same side
(Sternal Head) Contralateral rotation: tilts head to opposite side
Short ciliary nerves are?
post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers
Branches of V2
ganglion?
Cranial Fossa?
- Trigeminal ganglia
- Foramen Rotundum
- Zygomatic N–>Zygomatictemporal & Zygomaticfacial
- Superior Alveolar branches & infraorbital nerve
- ptergyopalatine ganglion (we dont know much about this yet…)
CN Motor function to Eye Mastication Face Pharynx Larynx Neck & Back Tongue
Eye: 3, 4, 6 Mastication 5 Face 7 Pharynx 9 & 10 Larynx 10 neck and back: 11 Tongue 12
Motor Branch of CN5 goes to what muscles?
Massester, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoids, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, Ant belly of digastric
Sensation of anterior 2/3 of tongue pathways
lingual nerve (v3) –> V3–> trigeminal ganglion –> pons CN 5 (principal sensory nucleus )
3 layers of deep fascia?
- investing
- prevertbral
- pretracheal
pathway of taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue
lingual nerve (V3) –> chorda tympani–> genuiclate ganglion–> pons CN7 (Nuclei of solitary tract)
Terminal branches of CN7?
function? (Motor/sensory/both?)
MOTOR To- temporal Zanzibar- Zygomatic By-buccal Motor-Mandibular Car-Cervical
Where are the cilliary and sebacious glands in the eyes located?
If these glands were to get clogged, what would be the clinical significance?
based of eyelashes on lids
STYE-infection of the follicle or associated glands
What does R Homonymous Hemianopsia with macular sparing mean? Where is this lesion?
Lesion along opitic radiation along L side.
Vision- can not see R vision field in either eye, except out of macula (so still retain 20/20..?)
Where are the cell bodies of CN 8 located? Where do they snyapse?
Vesibular aspect- Vestibular ganglion
sna-vestibular nuclei
Cocholear aspect- Cochlear ganglion
snap-cochlear nuclei
If you look up to the left at a plane passing over. Which aspect of the retina in the L and R eye are having light hit it? Which visual coretx is this information processed in?
Looking up to the L
- Info process in R visual cortex
- in R eye: lateral aspect of retina
- in L eye: medial aspect of retina
CN that supply General Sensory information
5- Trigeminal (opthalmic, maxillary, manidbular div)
7-Facial (small portion of external acoustic meatus) via post. auricular branch)
9- oropharynx, carotid body/sinus, post 1/3 tongue, middle ear (internal tympanic membrane and eustachian tube)
10- external surface of tympanic membrane
- superior tarsal muscle– where is it?
- attaches to which muscle:
- Innervation?
clinical significance?
-most anterior aspect of levator palpebrae muscle
-A: the levator palpebrae muscle and the tarsal plate.
Innervation: sympathetic innervation.
-prevents drooping of the eyelid.
loss of sympathetic activity – ptosis
a symptom of Horner’s syndrome
CN responsible for gag reflex
CN 9
Parasympathetic CN
3
7
9
space between the bulbar and palpebrae conjunctiva?
conjunctival sack— theortical space because its actually filled w/ tears
Where does CN 9 emerge from in brain?
Where does it leave cranium?
Emerge from lateral aspect medulla
leave cranium through jugular foramen
What is a granular foveola?
indentation of skull by arachnoid granulation
Order of descending structures form the greater petrosal groover?
greater petrosal nerve groove (temporal bone)
tensor tympani
Euchstacian tube
tensor veli palatini
Parasympathetics in salivary glands will do what?
increase salvation, rest and digest helloooo
What laterally closes the retropharyngeal space?
Carotid sheath
If a tarsal gland were to get clogged, what would be the clinical significance?
Chalazion
Smooth muscles glands are innervated by?
Sympathetic system- vasoconstriction, vasodilation
Innervation of mylohyoid
v3 baby–lingual N
V1 Branches:
Cranial Fossa?
All go through supraorbital fisssure
- Frontal–> supraobrital & supratrochlear
- Nasocilliary–> Ant + Posterior Ethomoidal nerve & Long Cillary + Cilliary Ganglion –> short cilliary
- Lacrimal Nerve–> lac gland
Which CN provides sensory taste information to root of the tonuge and epiglottis?
CN 10
General Sensory to the external ear is carried by branches of which CN?
V3, 7, 10
CN that is involved in general sensory to mucosal membranes of pharynx, soft palate, and posterior tongue?
CN 9
Sympathetic fibers get to their target organs in the face by?
following arteries as highways
aspect of eye where tears flow to?
Lacrimal lake or Lacrimal Lucuna
path of cerebral vein to dural sinus
cerebral veins are within subarachnoid space so it will pierce through the arachnoid mater, and the meningeal dura mater to the dural venous sinus which live in between the dural folds/reflections.
EJV drains what aspect of head?
Scalp and side of face
What does the EJC hind behind?
SCM
Nerve point?
What is this?
Where can you find it?
What does it contain?
- target for local anesthesia due to the congregations of 3 sensory branches
- Midpoint of posterior SCM border
contains 3 sensory branches: Great Auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular
If you were looking for the lesser occipital nerve.. what landmark could you use to find it?
-ascends behind ear to the mastoid process
If you were looking for the great auricular nerve, what landmark could you use to find it?
heads towards ear, posterior to ***external jugular
What does the transverse cervical nerve provide?
somatosensory to !!!anterior triangle of neck
What does the supraclavicular nerve provide?
somatosensory over clavicle acromion, and upper 2 ribs
What is the only sensory nerve in the cervical plexus that runs anterior?
transverse cervical!!!
If you were to put a nerve block in the brachial plexus, where would you aim?
between anterior and middle scalene
-superior to the midpoint of the clavicale
What nerve runs over the anterior scalene?
PHRENIC
Muscles of the posterior triangle?
Splenius, levator scapulae, ant and middle scalene
You are about to perform surgery on the neck, and the pt is curious as to where is CN 11 runs. You get out a sharpie and draw it on his neck. Where do you draw this line?
What does it do?
ear lobe to the acromioclavicular joint (where scapula and clavicle meet on the shoulder)
runs behind SCM and then dives under trapezius
Motor to trap and SCM
which triangle of the neck contains the motor elements of the cervical plexus?
Anterior!!!
In what fascia layer due the muscles in the posterior neck belong?
Prevertebral
– excluding SCM and Trap
Which veins run anterior to the anterior scalene?
IJV and subclavian
Vessels off of thryocervial trunk?
- inferior thyroid
- transverse cervical
- suprascapular
1st branch off the subclavian art?
verebtral then thryocervical trunk, then costocervical trunk
the anterior scalene seperates which two vessels?
Subclavain vein runs anterior while subcalvian art runs posterior to anterior scalene
Brachial plexus is formed by which rami from which spinal roots?
ventral rami
c5-t1
come on, you knew that!
Superior trunk contains which roots of brach. plexus?
C5 & 6
which nerves innervate rhomboids and levator scapulae?
C5 via dorsal scapular nerve off brach. plexus
What m. is/are innervated by long thoracic?
serratus anterior
What m. are innervated by suprascapular?
-supraspinatus and infraspinatus m.
Roots of Long thoracic N?
C5, 6, 7
Which nerves innervate serratus anterior, what are their roots?
C5, 6, 7 via long thoracic
Which nerves innervate supra and infraspinatus, what are their roots?
C5, C6 via suprascapular N
What are the structures along the midline of the anterior triangle?
-what is the structure at the most inferior angle of the anterior triangle of the neck?
trachea, thyroid, larynx, hyoid
jugular notch of the manubrium
Name four divisions of anteiror triangle?
-submandibular, submental, carotid, musclar
